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Related Concept Videos

Sulfur Assimilation01:20

Sulfur Assimilation

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Sulfur is an essential element in biological systems, contributing to synthesizing key biomolecules, including amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, and cofactors such as coenzyme A and biotin. Microorganisms primarily assimilate sulfur as sulfate (SO₄²⁻) from the environment, which must undergo a series of biochemical transformations before it can be incorporated into cellular components. As sulfate is highly oxidized, it must undergo assimilatory sulfate reduction to...
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Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides02:26

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

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Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
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Preparation and Reactions of Thiols02:33

Preparation and Reactions of Thiols

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Thiols are prepared using the hydrosulfide anion as a nucleophile in a nucleophilic substitution reaction with alkyl halides. For instance, bromobutane reacts with sodium hydrosulfide to give butanethiol.
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Glucose Transporters01:27

Glucose Transporters

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Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
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Pyruvate Oxidation01:15

Pyruvate Oxidation

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After glycolysis, the charged pyruvate molecules enter the mitochondria via active transport and undergo three enzymatic reactions. These reactions ensure that pyruvate can enter the next metabolic pathway so that energy stored in the pyruvate molecules can be harnessed by the cells.
First, the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase removes the carboxyl group from pyruvate and releases it as carbon dioxide. The stripped molecule is then oxidized and releases electrons, which are then picked up by NAD+...
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Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides02:17

Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides

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Thiols and sulfides are sulfur analogs of alcohols and ethers, respectively, where the sulfur atom takes the place of the oxygen atom. Thus, thiols are generally represented as RSH, where R is an alkyl substituent and —SH is the functional group. On the other hand, in sulfides, the central sulfur atom is bonded to two hydrocarbon groups on either side. Depending upon the type of group, sulfides can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical. Both thiols and sulfides display a bent geometry,...
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A Sensitive Visual Method for the Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide Producing Bacteria
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Isolated sulfite oxidase deficiency.

B Relinque, L Bardallo, M Granero

    Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
    |March 12, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Sulfite oxidase deficiency is a rare metabolic disorder. Early diagnosis and dietary management are crucial for treating neonatal seizures caused by this condition.

    Keywords:
    Sulfite oxidase deficiencyneonatalrefractory seizures

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Genetics
    • Neonatology

    Background:

    • Sulfite oxidase deficiency is a rare metabolic disorder.
    • Isolated forms are infrequently reported in medical literature.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report a case of severe neonatal onset sulfite oxidase deficiency.
    • To emphasize the importance of considering this condition in neonatal seizure differential diagnoses.

    Main Methods:

    • Case presentation of a neonate with refractory seizures.
    • Utilized a-EEG for brain function monitoring.
    • Conducted laboratory, imaging, and genetic testing for diagnosis.

    Main Results:

    • The neonate presented with severe, refractory seizures shortly after birth.
    • Diagnostic tests confirmed sulfite oxidase deficiency.
    • Genetic testing provided definitive diagnosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Sulfite oxidase deficiency should be considered in neonatal seizures.
    • Dietary restrictions are vital for therapeutic support.
    • Prenatal diagnosis is possible through enzyme activity quantification and DNA analysis.