[Differential diagnosis of shoulder dislocation with special reference to posterior dislocation]

Evaluation of a dislocated shoulder must classify the direction of dislocation and describe additional injuries as well as the recurrence rate. This is required in all types of dislocations by recording the case history in detail, and by examining the shoulder clinically as well as radiographically in two planes. Ultrasound and arthro-computer tomography are valid methods to demonstrate injuries of bony and ligamentous structures. They may therefore influence surgical treatment. In posterior dislocation of the shoulder quite often early diagnosis is missed. If this injury is suspected, careful clinical and radiographical evaluation is most important.