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Multilocus sequence typing analysis of Cronobacter spp. isolated from China.

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Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) revealed high diversity among 151 Cronobacter strains from China. Some food and waterborne strains matched patient isolates globally, indicating potential public health risks.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Food Safety

Background:

  • Cronobacter species are opportunistic pathogens found in various environments, including food and water.
  • Subtyping methods like MLST are crucial for understanding the population structure and epidemiology of Cronobacter.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the genetic diversity of Cronobacter isolates from China using MLST.
  • To compare Chinese Cronobacter strains with global isolates to assess potential public health implications.

Main Methods:

  • Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was performed on 151 Cronobacter strains isolated from diverse sources in China (2010-2012).
  • Sequence type (ST) profiles were analyzed and compared with the global Cronobacter PubMLST database.
  • The eBURST algorithm was used to group STs into clonal complexes and singletons.

Main Results:

  • A total of 85 distinct STs were identified among the 151 Chinese Cronobacter isolates, with only 17 previously reported globally.
  • The majority of isolates belonged to Cronobacter sakazakii (70.9%), followed by C. malonaticus (15.9%), C. dublinensis (10.6%), C. turicensis (2.0%), and C. muytjensii (0.7%).
  • High genetic diversity was observed, with 14 clonal complexes and 47 singletons identified. Notably, some food/waterborne strains from China shared STs with patient isolates from other countries.

Conclusions:

  • MLST analysis demonstrates significant genetic diversity within Cronobacter populations in China.
  • The presence of shared sequence types between environmental isolates from China and clinical isolates from other regions highlights potential risks associated with contaminated food and water sources.
  • This underscores the importance of ongoing surveillance and control measures for Cronobacter in food and water supply chains.