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Intracranial Hypertension in Children: Etiologies, Clinical Features, and Outcome

Amira Masri1, Amani Jaafar2, Rasha Noman3

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Division of Child Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan masriamira69@hotmail.com.

Journal of Child Neurology
|March 13, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension in children is often linked to vitamin D deficiency. Most children recover within a year, but some may develop vision issues, especially those with prior eye conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a neurological condition affecting children.
  • Understanding the causes and outcomes in pediatric IIH is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical features, potential causes, and outcomes of pediatric IIH.
  • To identify common comorbidities and long-term effects in children diagnosed with IIH.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 19 pediatric patients diagnosed with IIH.
  • Review of clinical presentations, identified causes, comorbidities, and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • The mean age of onset was 6 years; 90% were under 11.
  • Vitamin D deficiency was the most common identified cause (26.3%).
  • Cerebrospinal fluid pressure normalized in most patients within 6 weeks to 1 year; 30.7% developed optic atrophy.

Conclusions:

  • Vitamin D deficiency is a significant potential cause of IIH in children.
  • While most children recover, long-term ophthalmological monitoring is essential due to the risk of optic atrophy, particularly in those with pre-existing ocular conditions.

Keywords:
benign intracranial hypertensioncerebrospinal fluid pressurepapilledemapseudotumor cerebri

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