Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

757
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
757
Role of Hippocampus in Memory01:19

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

2.2K
The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
2.2K
Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

2.4K
Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
2.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Global prevalence and disability burden of brain disorders: Impact of neurological, mental, and substance use disorders.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2026
Same author

Promoting Research Excellence in Down Syndrome: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference of the Trisomy 21 Research Society.

Neuromolecular medicine·2026
Same author

fNIRS estimates prefrontal cortex activation following glucose load in youths with obesity.

Journal of endocrinological investigation·2026
Same author

Neurodevelopmental and psychiatric comorbidities of children and adolescents with specific learning disorders: associations with gender and educational level.

Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health·2026
Same author

Digital health and Tourette Syndrome: new technological frontiers in diagnosis and management.

Frontiers in psychiatry·2026
Same author

Physical health and the complex role of PTSD symptoms in obesity: evidence from an Italian cohort of maltreated children and adolescents.

Frontiers in public health·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Barnes Maze Testing Strategies with Small and Large Rodent Models
12:59

Barnes Maze Testing Strategies with Small and Large Rodent Models

Published on: February 26, 2014

44.3K

Allocentric spatial learning and memory deficits in Down syndrome.

Pamela Banta Lavenex1, Mathilde Bostelmann1, Catherine Brandner1

  • 1Laboratory for Experimental Research on Behavior, Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne Lausanne, Switzerland.

Frontiers in Psychology
|March 13, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) show deficits in real-world spatial memory, particularly when relying on environmental cues for navigation. Their ability to learn and remember locations is impaired, suggesting broader memory challenges in DS.

Keywords:
capacityepisodicgenetic disorderhippocampusmemoryresolution

More Related Videos

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents
09:01

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents

Published on: July 8, 2015

13.3K
Immunohistochemical Visualization of Hippocampal Neuron Activity After Spatial Learning in a Mouse Model of Neurodevelopmental Disorders
07:43

Immunohistochemical Visualization of Hippocampal Neuron Activity After Spatial Learning in a Mouse Model of Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Published on: May 12, 2015

12.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Barnes Maze Testing Strategies with Small and Large Rodent Models
12:59

Barnes Maze Testing Strategies with Small and Large Rodent Models

Published on: February 26, 2014

44.3K
The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents
09:01

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents

Published on: July 8, 2015

13.3K
Immunohistochemical Visualization of Hippocampal Neuron Activity After Spatial Learning in a Mouse Model of Neurodevelopmental Disorders
07:43

Immunohistochemical Visualization of Hippocampal Neuron Activity After Spatial Learning in a Mouse Model of Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Published on: May 12, 2015

12.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) often exhibit impaired verbal and visuoperceptual memory.
  • Visuospatial memory in DS is considered relatively spared, particularly egocentric (viewpoint-dependent) tasks.
  • Previous research often used tabletop or computerized experiments, potentially not assessing allocentric spatial memory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate allocentric (viewpoint-independent) spatial learning and memory in individuals with DS.
  • To characterize real-world navigation and spatial memory capacities in DS.
  • To determine if deficits extend to allocentric spatial memory, which relies on distal environmental cues.

Main Methods:

  • A real-world allocentric spatial (AS) memory task was administered to 20 participants with DS and 16 typically developing (TD) children.
  • Participants located rewards using local cues (LC) and then without local cues (AS trials) in a 4m x 4m arena.
  • Performance was assessed by the ability to choose rewarded locations above chance level.

Main Results:

  • All TD children successfully located rewards in both LC and AS trials.
  • Most participants with DS (all but one) showed a preference for rewarded locations in LC trials.
  • Only 50% of participants with DS performed above chance in AS trials, indicating impaired allocentric spatial memory.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with DS demonstrate significant impairments in using allocentric spatial representations for learning and memory in a real-world setting.
  • These findings suggest pervasive deficits in hippocampus-dependent memory in Down syndrome.
  • Real-world navigation and spatial memory abilities in DS require further investigation beyond egocentric tasks.