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Conspiracy theory and cognitive style: a worldview.

Neil Dagnall1, Kenneth Drinkwater1, Andrew Parker1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester UK.

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Summary

Belief in conspiracy theories is linked to a delusional thinking style in a sub-clinical population. Cognitive-perceptual factors, like schizotypy, correlate with conspiracist beliefs, with delusional ideation being the strongest predictor.

Keywords:
cognitive styleconspiracist beliefdelusional ideationschizotypyworldview

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Conspiracy theories are prevalent in society.
  • Understanding the cognitive underpinnings of conspiracist beliefs is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between cognitive style and belief in conspiracy theories.
  • To explore the role of cognitive-perceptual factors in conspiracist thinking.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed 223 volunteers using measures of cognitive-perceptual factors (schizotypy, delusional ideation, hallucination proneness).
  • Measured general attitudes toward conspiracist thinking and endorsement of individual conspiracies.

Main Results:

  • Positive symptoms of schizotypy, especially cognitive-perceptual factors, correlated positively with conspiracist beliefs.
  • Delusional ideation was the strongest predictor of conspiracy belief.
  • Conspiracy measures showed strong inter-correlations, suggesting a coherent conspiratorial mindset.

Conclusions:

  • Belief in conspiracies in a sub-clinical population is associated with a delusional thinking style.
  • Cognitive-perceptual factors explained 32% of the variance in conspiracy beliefs.