Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Synthesis of Phosphatidylcholine in the ER Membrane01:27

Synthesis of Phosphatidylcholine in the ER Membrane

4.7K
The ER synthesizes lipids for building cell membranes and performing cellular functions such as energy storage and signaling. The lipid synthesis machinery embedded in the ER membrane primarily collects all reactants from the cytosol. Following synthesis, the secretory pathway and the ER contact sites distribute these lipids to other cellular organelles. Additionally, the energy-rich triacylglycerides are transported from the ER via lipid droplets.
The major components of all eukaryotic cell...
4.7K
Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer01:35

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer

11.2K
Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...
11.2K
Biosynthesis of Lipids01:29

Biosynthesis of Lipids

914
Microbial membranes exhibit remarkable diversity in lipid composition, reflecting evolutionary adaptations to various environmental conditions. The three domains of life—Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya—synthesize membrane lipids through distinct biosynthetic pathways, leading to fundamental structural differences that impact membrane stability, function, and adaptability.Fatty Acid-Based Lipids in Bacteria and EukaryaBacteria and eukaryotes share a common fatty acid biosynthesis...
914
Assembly of the Lipid Bilayer in the ER01:28

Assembly of the Lipid Bilayer in the ER

4.6K
Biological membranes are more than just a barrier separating cell cytoplasm from the outside environment. They are highly dynamic and help maintain the integrity and physiological stability of the cells as well as membrane-bound organelles. Membranes also play vital roles in cell-to-cell and intracellular communication.
A large chunk of any biological membrane is composed of phospholipids. These lipids have a heterogeneous distribution across different subcellular organelles and even between...
4.6K
Overview of Fatty Acid Metabolism01:28

Overview of Fatty Acid Metabolism

37.9K
Lipids also are sources of energy that power cellular processes. Like carbohydrates, lipids are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but these atoms are arranged differently. Most lipids are nonpolar and hydrophobic. Major types include fats and oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids.
Fatty acids are catabolized in a process called beta-oxidation, which takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria and converts their fatty acid chains into two-carbon units of acetyl groups. The acetyl...
37.9K
Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

11.3K
Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
11.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Coumarins link iron deficiency to TOR inhibition in plants.

Current biology : CB·2026
Same author

Protocol for applying a network-enabled gene discovery pipeline to non-model plant species.

STAR protocols·2026
Same author

Editorial: Biotic interactions - Navigating immunity, trade-offs, and environmental change.

Current opinion in plant biology·2026
Same author

Rewiring the unfolded protein response for plant growth recovery after stress.

Plant communications·2026
Same author

Author Correction: Membrane remodelling mediates lipopeptide-induced immunity in Arabidopsis.

Nature plants·2026
Same author

Built different: ER cisternae formed by the Arabidopsis Lunapark proteins differ in ultrastructure and affect ER-Golgi transport.

The New phytologist·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates
08:59

Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates

Published on: November 23, 2016

15.7K

Phospholipid biosynthesis increases in RHD3-defective mutants.

Lilly Maneta-Peyret1, Ya-Shiuan Lai, Giovanni Stefano

  • 1a Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire ; UMR 5200 CNRS-University of Bordeaux, INRA Bordeaux Aquitaine ; Villenave d'Ornon, France.

Plant Signaling & Behavior
|March 13, 2015
PubMed
Summary

The RHD3 protein is crucial for ER structure. Loss of RHD3 leads to increased phospholipids, suggesting a link to phosphatidylinositol biosynthesis, particularly PIS1.

Keywords:
ER architectureEndoplasmic reticulum (ER)RHD3phosphatidylinositol synthases (PIS)phospholipid biosynthesisphospholipid homeostasis

More Related Videos

Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes
08:49

Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes

Published on: March 14, 2021

4.8K
Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation
10:52

Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation

Published on: January 6, 2016

10.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates
08:59

Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates

Published on: November 23, 2016

15.7K
Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes
08:49

Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes

Published on: March 14, 2021

4.8K
Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation
10:52

Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation

Published on: January 6, 2016

10.9K

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • RHD3, an ER-shaping dynamin-like GTPase, regulates ER architecture transition from cisternal to tubular during cell growth.
  • Aberrant ER morphology in rhd3 mutants suggests potential alterations in the ER lipid bilayer composition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the lipid composition of rhd3 mutants.
  • To determine if PIS1 or PIS2 are involved in the observed phospholipid increase in rhd3 mutants.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the lipid fraction in rhd3 mutants.
  • Analysis of phospholipid composition in double mutants (rhd3-7/pis1 and rhd3-7/pis2).

Main Results:

  • rhd3 mutants exhibit an increase in both phospholipids and proteins, indicating an overall expansion of ER membranes.
  • The phospholipid increase in rhd3 mutants was normalized in rhd3-7/pis1 double mutants but not in rhd3-7/pis2 double mutants.
  • Overexpression of PIS1 and PIS2 is known to affect phosphatidylinositol and other lipid synthesis pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Results suggest a possible deregulation of PIS1 in rhd3 mutants, linking RHD3 function to phosphatidylinositol biosynthesis.
  • RHD3's role in ER morphology may be connected to the regulation of phospholipid biosynthesis pathways.