Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Self-Discrepancy Theory02:45

Self-Discrepancy Theory

19.1K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.  
19.1K
Self-Discrepancy and Its Effects01:29

Self-Discrepancy and Its Effects

467
Self-discrepancy theory explains how people compare their actual self to their ideal and ought selves and how mismatches between these self-guides can lead to emotional distress. Developed by E. Tory Higgins, the theory distinguishes among three components of self-concept: the actual self, the ideal self, and the ought self. These refer respectively to how individuals perceive themselves, how they aspire to be, and how they believe they are obligated to be. Emotional well-being, self-esteem,...
467
Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping02:05

Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping

45.3K
People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about...
45.3K
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification03:00

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

5.9K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
5.9K
Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

38.0K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
38.0K
Dissociative Identity Disorder01:30

Dissociative Identity Disorder

2.1K
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), previously termed multiple personality disorder, is a complex psychological condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states. Each identity exhibits unique patterns of behavior, voice, and mannerisms and may possess separate memories and emotional responses. The alternating control between identities can result in memory gaps and challenges in recalling daily activities, often exacerbating the individual's...
2.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The organisational blind spots in making sepsis and antimicrobial stewardship guidance work: A document review.

Journal of health services research & policy·2026
Same author

A qualitative study of the reimplementation of a standardised paediatric early warning system pilot in England.

Implementation science communications·2026
Same author

Investigating differences in the implementation and experience of the Enhanced Health in Care Homes Framework in England: a qualitative protocol for the Understanding Variation in Admissions from Care Homes (UVAC) study.

BMJ open·2026
Same author

Teleconferencing as an alternative to written Advice and Guidance referrals at the primary-secondary care interface: a qualitative case study.

BJGP open·2026
Same author

Identifying predictors and measuring variation in hospitalisation for older adult care home residents: a retrospective cohort study using routinely collected data.

Age and ageing·2026
Same author

The Experiences of People With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Attending Emergency Departments in England.

The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm
09:00

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm

Published on: October 3, 2020

4.7K

Differences between Current and Past Self-Injurers: How and Why Do People Stop?

Michelle Horgan, Graham Martin

    Archives of Suicide Research : Official Journal of the International Academy for Suicide Research
    |March 13, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Individuals who stopped self-injuring showed better distress tolerance and less experiential avoidance. Targeting anxiety and building emotional tolerance may help others cease self-harm behaviors.

    Keywords:
    NSSIcessationexperiential avoidance modelnon-suicidal self-injury

    More Related Videos

    Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Self-distancing in Young Children
    07:01

    Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Self-distancing in Young Children

    Published on: March 1, 2019

    8.6K
    A Conflict Model of Reward-seeking Behavior in Male Rats
    06:11

    A Conflict Model of Reward-seeking Behavior in Male Rats

    Published on: February 20, 2019

    8.0K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 16, 2026

    Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm
    09:00

    Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm

    Published on: October 3, 2020

    4.7K
    Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Self-distancing in Young Children
    07:01

    Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Self-distancing in Young Children

    Published on: March 1, 2019

    8.6K
    A Conflict Model of Reward-seeking Behavior in Male Rats
    06:11

    A Conflict Model of Reward-seeking Behavior in Male Rats

    Published on: February 20, 2019

    8.0K

    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Clinical Psychology
    • Mental Health

    Background:

    • Self-injury is a complex behavior with varying cessation patterns.
    • The Experiential Avoidance Model (EAM) provides a framework for understanding emotional regulation in self-harm.
    • Identifying factors associated with sustained cessation is crucial for effective interventions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate characteristics distinguishing individuals who have ceased self-injury from those currently engaging in the behavior.
    • To explore the utility of the Experiential Avoidance Model (EAM) in understanding self-injury cessation.
    • To identify potential therapeutic targets for improving interventions aimed at ceasing self-injury.

    Main Methods:

    • A cross-sectional online survey was administered to 215 first-year university students.
    • Participants included individuals who had ceased self-injury (n=34) and current self-injurers (n=29).
    • Data were collected on General Health Questionnaire subscales, Distress Tolerance, Experiential Avoidance, and Self-blame.

    Main Results:

    • Past self-injurers demonstrated significantly higher scores on measures of distress tolerance and lower scores on experiential avoidance and self-blame compared to current self-injurers.
    • Participants who ceased self-injury also reported better general health outcomes.
    • These findings suggest distinct psychological profiles between those who have ceased and those who continue self-injurious behaviors.

    Conclusions:

    • The Experiential Avoidance Model (EAM) effectively explains patterns in self-injury cessation.
    • Reducing anxiety and enhancing distress tolerance and positive emotional intensity are potential key targets for therapeutic interventions.
    • Therapeutic strategies focusing on emotional regulation skills may improve efficacy in helping individuals cease self-injury.