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The apicomplexan glideosome and adhesins - Structures and function.

Lauren E Boucher1, Jürgen Bosch1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.

Journal of Structural Biology
|March 14, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Apicomplexan parasites like Plasmodium use adhesins and the glideosome invasion machinery to enter host cells. Structural data reveals key interactions for developing new anti-invasion therapies.

Keywords:
AdhesinsApicomplexaCryptosporidiumGlideosomeInvasion machineryMalariaPlasmodiumToxoplasma

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Area of Science:

  • Parasitology
  • Structural Biology
  • Molecular Cell Biology

Background:

  • Apicomplexan parasites (e.g., Plasmodium, Toxoplasma) are obligate intracellular pathogens.
  • They utilize adhesins and a protein complex called the glideosome for host cell invasion.
  • Previous invasion reviews lacked detailed structural insights.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the structural basis of apicomplexan parasite invasion.
  • To highlight the role of adhesins and glideosome components.
  • To discuss the potential for structure-based therapeutic development.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of over 75 Protein Data Bank structures of parasite invasion proteins.
  • Review of existing literature on apicomplexan invasion mechanisms.
  • Discussion of recent findings on glideosome architecture and function.

Main Results:

  • Structural data is available for key adhesins, motor proteins, and cytoskeletal components of the invasion machinery.
  • Structures elucidate critical protein-protein interactions in receptor engagement and force transmission.
  • Co-crystal structures reveal potential targets for inhibitory antibodies and small molecules.

Conclusions:

  • Structural biology provides crucial insights into apicomplexan parasite invasion mechanisms.
  • Understanding these structures can guide the development of novel anti-parasitic strategies.
  • Further research into glideosome architecture and alternative invasion models is warranted.