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Endocarditis I: Introduction

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...

Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization

Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization

Right Heart Catheterization: An OverviewRight heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure that measures right-sided cardiac and pulmonary artery pressures, calculates cardiac output, and identifies intracardiac shunts. It provides detailed hemodynamic data essential for diagnosing and managing various cardiovascular conditions, such as pulmonary hypertension.Access SitesCommon access sites for right heart catheterization include the internal jugular vein in the neck region, the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Deciphering and Imaging Pathogenesis and Cording of Mycobacterium abscessus in Zebrafish Embryos

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Published on: September 9, 2015

Mycobacterium abscessus: causing fatal endocarditis after cardiac catheterization.

S Mahajan, V Mishra¹, J Sorabjee

¹Department of Medicine, Bombay Hospital Institute of Medical Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Journal of Postgraduate Medicine

|March 14, 2015

Summary

Mycobacterium abscessus endocarditis is rare in immunocompetent individuals. This case highlights treatment challenges and intervention-related infections, especially with co-existing renal failure.

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Area of Science:

Infectious Diseases
Cardiology
Microbiology

Background:

Mycobacterium abscessus is an opportunistic pathogen known for antibiotic resistance.
Endocarditis is a serious infection of the heart's inner lining, often requiring complex treatment.

Observation:

A rare case of Mycobacterium abscessus endocarditis on a native aortic valve is presented.
The patient was immunocompetent and had undergone coronary angiography.

Findings:

The infection led to a fatal outcome, underscoring the severity of M. abscessus endocarditis.
Intrinsic and acquired antibiotic resistance complicates treatment strategies for M. abscessus infections.

Implications:

This case emphasizes the risk of nosocomial infections following medical interventions like coronary angiography.
Managing M. abscessus infections, particularly endocarditis with renal impairment, presents significant therapeutic challenges.