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Protective effect of sitagliptin and rosuvastatin combination on vascular endothelial dysfunction in type-2 diabetes

Vandana S Nade1, L A Kawale1, K M Patel1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, M. V. P. Samaj's College of Pharmacy, Gangapur Road, Nashik-422 002, India.

Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
|March 14, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Sitagliptin, glimepiride, and rosuvastatin treatments improved cardiovascular health in diabetic rats by reducing oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. Combinations, particularly sitagliptin and rosuvastatin, showed enhanced protective effects against type-2 diabetes complications.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology and Toxicology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Type-2 diabetes is associated with oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction.
  • Fructose-induced diabetic rat models exhibit key features of human type-2 diabetes.
  • Aortic tissue is a critical site for assessing cardiovascular complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the protective effects of sitagliptin, glimepiride, and rosuvastatin, individually and in combination.
  • To assess the impact on oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in fructose-fed type-2 diabetic rats.
  • To investigate the therapeutic potential in managing diabetic cardiovascular complications.

Main Methods:

  • Administration of sitagliptin, glimepiride, rosuvastatin, and their combinations to fructose-induced diabetic rats.
  • Monitoring of body weight, serum glucose, lipids, blood pressure, and heart rate.
  • Assessment of vascular reactivity, nitric oxide levels, and antioxidant enzymes.
  • Evaluation of endothelial function using acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside-induced vasorelaxation studies on isolated aortas.

Main Results:

  • Treatments significantly reduced body weight gain, serum glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels.
  • Heart rate and blood pressure were normalized in fructose-fed rats.
  • Vascular reactivity to catecholamines improved, with reduced blood pressure.
  • Significant improvements in vasorelaxation responses to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside were observed.
  • All treatments restored antioxidant defensive enzymes, with sitagliptin and rosuvastatin showing notable reversal of endothelial dysfunction, especially in combination.

Conclusions:

  • Sitagliptin, glimepiride, and rosuvastatin demonstrate protective effects against oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in type-2 diabetic rats.
  • Combination therapy, particularly sitagliptin and rosuvastatin, offers enhanced ameliorating potential for diabetic cardiovascular complications.
  • These findings suggest therapeutic benefits for managing endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in type-2 diabetes.
Keywords:
Endothelial dysfunctionblood pressurecatecholaminesvascular reactivity

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