Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Quantum Numbers02:43

Quantum Numbers

54.8K
It is said that the energy of an electron in an atom is quantized; that is, it can be equal only to certain specific values and can jump from one energy level to another but not transition smoothly or stay between these levels.
54.8K
The Pauli Exclusion Principle03:06

The Pauli Exclusion Principle

62.1K
The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom is called its electron configuration. We describe an electron configuration with a symbol that contains three pieces of information:
62.1K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

2.3K
NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
2.3K
Gauss's Law: Spherical Symmetry01:26

Gauss's Law: Spherical Symmetry

10.1K
A charge distribution has spherical symmetry if the density of charge depends only on the distance from a point in space and not on the direction. In other words, if the system is rotated, it doesn't look different. For instance, if a sphere of radius R is uniformly charged with charge density ρ0, then the distribution has spherical symmetry. On the other hand, if a sphere of radius R is charged so that the top half of the sphere has a uniform charge density ρ1 and the bottom half has...
10.1K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin01:08

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin

5.8K
All atomic particles possess an intrinsic angular momentum, or 'spin'. Electrons, protons, and neutrons each have a spin value of ½, although protons and neutrons in nuclei may have higher half-integer spins owing to energetic factors.
Atomic nuclei have a net nuclear spin, , which can have an integer or half-integer value. In atomic nuclei, the spins of protons are paired against each other but not with neutrons, and vice versa. Consequently, an even number of protons does not contribute...
5.8K
Symmetry in Maxwell's Equations01:28

Symmetry in Maxwell's Equations

4.6K
Once the fields have been calculated using Maxwell's four equations, the Lorentz force equation gives the force that the fields exert on a charged particle moving with a certain velocity. The Lorentz force equation combines the force of the electric field and of the magnetic field on the moving charge. Maxwell's equations and the Lorentz force law together encompass all the laws of electricity and magnetism. The symmetry that Maxwell introduced into his mathematical framework may not be...
4.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Spontaneous symmetry breaking and frustrated phases.

Physical review. E·2021
Same author

Duality Between 3D Massive Thirring and Maxwell-Chern-Simons Models from 2D Bosonization.

Physical review letters·2018
Same author

Modulated phases in a three-dimensional Maier-Saupe model with competing interactions.

Physical review. E·2018
Same author

Supersymmetric extension of the quantum spherical model.

Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics·2012

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
09:00

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

Published on: June 28, 2018

10.7K

Quantum spherical spins with local symmetry.

Pedro R S Gomes1, P F Bienzobaz1

  • 1Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|March 14, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This study explores a quantum system of spherical spins, revealing spontaneous symmetry breaking that leads to phase transitions at various temperatures. It also investigates the dynamical generation of gauge fields.

Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum mechanics
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Investigating quantum systems with continuous local symmetry is crucial for understanding complex phenomena.
  • Spherical spin models offer a tractable framework for studying symmetry breaking and phase transitions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To construct and analyze a quantum system of spherical spins with continuous local symmetry.
  • To explore spontaneous symmetry breaking and its implications for phase transitions.
  • To investigate the dynamical generation of gauge fields and its relation to symmetry restoration.

Main Methods:

  • Exact solution in the thermodynamic limit.
  • Analysis of spontaneous symmetry breaking at finite and zero temperatures.

More Related Videos

Reconstitution of Basic Mitotic Spindles in Spherical Emulsion Droplets
10:52

Reconstitution of Basic Mitotic Spindles in Spherical Emulsion Droplets

Published on: August 13, 2016

10.3K
Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

9.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
09:00

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

Published on: June 28, 2018

10.7K
Reconstitution of Basic Mitotic Spindles in Spherical Emulsion Droplets
10:52

Reconstitution of Basic Mitotic Spindles in Spherical Emulsion Droplets

Published on: August 13, 2016

10.3K
Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

9.8K
  • Investigation of the equivalence with the CP(N-1) model in the N→∞ limit.

    • Main Results:

    • The constructed quantum system exhibits spontaneous local symmetry breaking.
    • Both classical and quantum phase transitions with nontrivial critical behavior are identified.
    • Dynamical generation of gauge fields is shown to be a consequence of local symmetry restoration.

    Conclusions:

    • The model provides a soluble platform for studying symmetry breaking and phase transitions in quantum systems.
    • The findings offer insights into the interplay between symmetry, gauge fields, and critical phenomena.
    • The research connects spherical spin models to established theoretical frameworks like the CP(N-1) model.