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Ionic current inversion in pressure-driven polymer translocation through nanopores.

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Multivalent counterions can reverse DNA charge during polymer translocation, altering ionic current. This discovery offers a new method for detecting DNA charge reversal in translocation experiments.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Polymer Science
  • Electrostatics

Background:

  • Polymer translocation through nanopores is crucial for DNA sequencing and analysis.
  • Understanding the role of counterions in polymer translocation is essential for controlling the process.
  • Existing theories often simplify electrostatic interactions, neglecting many-body effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To predict and explain streaming current inversion during polymer translocation with multivalent counterions.
  • To develop a theoretical framework that incorporates charge fluctuations and many-body electrostatic effects.
  • To provide a mechanism for detecting DNA charge reversal in translocation experiments.

Main Methods:

  • Developing a correlation-corrected charge transport theory.
  • Including charge fluctuations beyond mean-field electrostatics.
  • Analyzing hydrodynamically driven polymer translocation events.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that multivalent counterions induce charge reversal of DNA.
  • Showed that anion attraction to the charge-inverted DNA reverses the ionic current sign.
  • Provided a comprehensive understanding of complex streaming current features.

Conclusions:

  • The developed theory accurately predicts streaming current inversion.
  • DNA charge reversal by multivalent counterions is a key phenomenon in translocation.
  • This mechanism offers an efficient method for detecting DNA charge reversal in pressure-driven translocation experiments.