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[Evaluation of a supervised physical exercise program in sedentary patients over 65 years with type 2 diabetes
Javier Parra-Sánchez1, María Moreno-Jiménez1, Carla M Nicola1
1Centro de Salud de Almaraz, Almaraz, Cáceres, España.
Objective:
To analyze whether an exercise program can modify glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), lipids, cardiovascular risk profile (CVR), self-perceived health status (SHS), and pharmaceutical expenditure (PE).
Design:
A randomized, single blind, controlled trial.
Intervention:
program of supervised aerobic physical exercise. Analysis by intention to treat.
Location:
Primary Care: 2 rural health areas. Health Area of Navalmoral. Cáceres. Extremadura. Spain.
Participants:
100 type 2 diabetic patients, aged 65 to 80 years, sedentary. Distribution: 50% control group (CG) and 50% intervention group (IG). Abandoned 12%.
Intervention:
monitored aerobic exercise: 40minutes, 2 days/week, 3 months.
Key Measures:
HbA1c, BP, BMI, lipid, CVR, SHS, PE. Complications during exercise.
Results:
There were post-intervention differences between groups in HbA1c, BP, BMI, cholesterol and SHS. In the IG, there was a significant decrease in; HbA1c: 0.2±0.4% (95% CI: 0.1 to 0.3), systolic BP: 11.8±8.5mmHg (95% CI: 5.1 to 11.9), BMI: 0.5±1 (95% CI: 0.2 to 0.8), total cholesterol: 14±28.2mg/dl (95% CI: 5.9 to 22.2), LDL: 18.3±28.2mg/dl 95% CI: 10.2 to 26.3), CVR: 6.7±7.7% (95% CI: 4.5 to 8.9), PE: 3.9±10.2 € (95% CI: 0.9 to 6.8), and an increase in SHS; 4.7±5.7 (95% CI: 3 to 6.3).
Conclusions:
In diabetics over 65 years, a program of monitored aerobic exercise, of easy implementation, improves HbA1c, BP, cholesterol, CVR, PE, and SHS.
