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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

A Modified Lean and Release Technique to Emphasize Response Inhibition and Action Selection in Reactive Balance
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Spider stimuli improve response inhibition.

Kyle M Wilson1, Paul N Russell1, William S Helton1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.

Consciousness and Cognition
|March 16, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Task-relevant anxiety improved response inhibition, enhancing the ability to withhold responses. Performance was linked to motor control and speed-accuracy trade-offs, not mind-wandering, suggesting anxiety

Keywords:
AnxietyMotor controlMotor decouplingResponse inhibitionSARTSpeed-accuracy trade-offSubjective stateSustained attentionTask-related thoughtTask-unrelated thought

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychophysiology

Background:

  • Anxiety's impact on cognition is complex, with both beneficial and detrimental effects.
  • Understanding how anxiety influences specific cognitive functions like response inhibition is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if task-relevant anxiety enhances response inhibition.
  • To explore the cognitive mechanisms underlying performance on the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART).

Main Methods:

  • Sixty-seven university students completed modified and unmodified versions of the SART.
  • Subjective measures of arousal and cognitive thoughts were collected.

Main Results:

  • Anxiety was found to improve participants' ability to withhold responses.
  • Errors of commission correlated with response times (speed-accuracy trade-off), supporting a motor inhibition perspective.
  • Task-unrelated thoughts were associated with errors of omission, indicating a potential measure of sustained attention.

Conclusions:

  • Task-relevant anxiety can enhance response inhibition.
  • SART performance errors are better explained by motor response inhibition than mind-wandering.
  • Errors of omission may serve as an indicator of sustained attention.