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Updated: Apr 16, 2026
Author Spotlight: Assessing the Cardiovascular Profile of Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Published on: September 27, 2024
[Cardiovascular risk and inflammatory markers in patients with hypertension]
Paweł Krzesiński1, Katarzyna Hałas1, Grzegorz Gielerak1
1Military Institute of Medicine in Warsaw, Poland, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of National Defense: Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine.
Insights
Elevated inflammatory markers in arterial hypertension patients correlate with metabolic disturbances and cardiovascular risk factors. Assessing inflammation, particularly hs-CRP, aids in comprehensive cardiovascular risk evaluation and treatment planning.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Clinical Biochemistry
- Inflammation Research
Context:
- Arterial hypertension (AH) is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular (CVR) events.
- Elevated inflammatory markers are associated with increased CVR.
- Comprehensive CVR evaluation is crucial for managing AH patients.
Purpose:
- To determine the prevalence of CVR factors in AH patients.
- To investigate the relationship between inflammatory markers and CVR factors in AH.
- To assess the role of inflammation in the overall CVR of hypertensive individuals.
Summary:
- A study of 144 AH patients found high rates of dyslipidemia (90%), abdominal obesity (54.9%), and multiple CVR factors (70%).
- Over 40% exhibited elevated inflammatory markers, most commonly hs-CRP (35.4%).
- Significant correlations were observed between anthropometric/laboratory parameters and inflammatory markers, notably BMI and hs-CRP (r=0.42).
- Abdominal obesity, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m², and >3 CVR factors predicted elevated inflammatory activity.
Impact:
- Findings highlight the link between metabolic disturbances, inflammation, and CVR in AH.
- Assessing inflammatory markers, especially hs-CRP, can enhance CVR evaluation.
- This provides a basis for more targeted therapeutic strategies in AH management.
Unlabelled:
Arterial hypertension (AH) is one of the main risk factors of negative cardiovascular (CVR) events and the complex evaluation of CVR is necessary for the successful treatment of patients with AH. Simultaneously CVR increases when the inflammatory markers levels are elevated.
Aim:
The aim of study was to evaluate the frequency of CVR factors presence and their relation to the inflammatory markers in patients with AH.
Materials And Methods:
The study was conducted in group of 144 patients (99 men, mean age 45.2 years) with AH and no other diagnosed cardiovascular diseases. The clinical assessment included: i.e. fasting glucose (FG), total cholesterol (T-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG) and inflammatory markers: fibrinogen, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and leukocytes count (WBC). CVR was assessed based on the presence of the risk factors included in the ESC guidelines.
Results:
Dylipidemia was observed in over 90% of patients in the study group (most often as the elevated level of T-C and LDL-C), abdominal obesity in 54.9%, more than 3 CVR factors in over 70% and increased levels of at least one of inflammatory markers in 40.3% of patients (most often hs-CRP - 35.4%). The statistically significant correlations between anthropometric parameters (BMI, waist cirfumference), laboratory parameters (HDL-C, TG) and inflammatory markers were observed, the strongest for BMI versus hs-CRP (r = 0.42, p < 0.000001). In the logic regression analysis the factors increasing the probability of the elevated inflammatory activity turned out to be: abdominal obesity - OR 3.05 (95% CI: 1.49 - 12.22; p = 0.002); BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 - OR 3.18 (95% CI: 1.57 - 6.44; p = 0.0012) and the presence of more than 3 risk factors - OR 2.57 (95% CI: 1.13 - 5.83; p = 0.023).
Conclusions:
The increased level of inflammatory markers is related to the complex metabolic disturbances and the assessment of the activation of inflammatory process (especially hsCRP) can be useful in the complex CVR evaluation and profound defining of therapeutical goals.
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