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Hepatitis E: A disease of reemerging importance
Siddharth Sridhar1, Susanna K P Lau2, Patrick C Y Woo2
1Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan Yi Zhi
|March 17, 2015
Summary
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a global health concern, with increasing zoonotic transmission risks from animals. Recent advances offer better management for chronic cases and a vaccine for future control.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the leading cause of acute viral hepatitis globally.
- HEV and related viruses are now recognized to have diverse animal reservoirs, including dromedaries.
- Zoonotic transmission of HEV, particularly from foodborne sources like pigs and wild boar, is a growing concern in the Asia Pacific region.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent developments in the epidemiology of Hepatitis E virus.
- To highlight advancements in the treatment and management of chronic HEV infection.
- To discuss the prevention strategies and vaccine availability for Hepatitis E.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on HEV epidemiology.
- Analysis of current treatment guidelines for chronic hepatitis E.
- Examination of vaccine efficacy and public health impact.
Main Results:
- HEV has expanded known animal reservoirs, increasing zoonotic potential.
- Zoonotic foodborne transmission is a significant factor in HEV spread, especially in developing regions.
- Progress has been made in managing chronic HEV, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
Conclusions:
- Effective management strategies for chronic hepatitis E are now available.
- An approved vaccine offers a promising tool for controlling the global burden of Hepatitis E.
- Continued research into HEV ecology and transmission is crucial for public health.
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