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Bound vortex dipoles generated at pinning centres by Meissner current.

Jun-Yi Ge1, Joffre Gutierrez1, Vladimir N Gladilin2

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Summary
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Superconductors expel magnetic fields via the Meissner effect. New research shows Meissner currents interacting with pinning centers create vortex-antivortex pairs, a novel phenomenon in superconductivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Superconductivity

Background:

  • The Meissner-Ochsenfeld effect is a defining characteristic of superconductors, involving the expulsion of magnetic fields.
  • Resistance-free Meissner currents circulate near the superconductor's surface during this effect.
  • The local magnetic fields generated by Meissner currents interacting with pinning centers remain under-explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the local magnetic fields produced by the interaction of Meissner currents with pinning centers in superconductors.
  • To characterize the topological excitations generated by this interaction.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of Meissner current behavior near pinning centers.
  • Modeling the generation of current half-loops and vortex-antivortex pairs.

Main Results:

  • Meissner currents interacting with pinning centers generate two opposite-sense current half-loops.
  • These half-loops form bound vortex-antivortex pairs.
  • These pairs can evolve into spatially separated vortex-antivortex pairs.

Conclusions:

  • The interaction of Meissner currents with pinning centers creates novel vortex dipole excitations.
  • This phenomenon is not exclusive to superconductors and may occur in other Meissner-like systems.