[Continued education at a university clinic with integrated specialties]

During a 14 year period 145 medial doctors were employed at the Chirurgische Universitätsklinik Köln 45 became certified general surgeons after a mean of 7.2 years. 18 received a PhD. 4800 operations year permitted the training and qualification of 0.7 doctors for the subspeciality vascular surgery and 0.8 doctors for traumatology per year. Despite extended selection 53 did not accomplish board certification for surgery in the hospital of their initial training.