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[Hyperviscosity syndrome]
G Dumas1, S Merceron1, L Zafrani1
1Service de réanimation médicale, hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France.
La Revue De Medecine Interne
|March 18, 2015
Summary
Hyperviscosity syndrome is a serious condition causing neurological and visual problems. Prompt diagnosis via viscosity measurement and funduscopic exam, followed by plasmapheresis, is crucial for managing this complication.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Internal Medicine
- Clinical Pathology
Context:
- Hyperviscosity syndrome presents with severe clinical manifestations including neurological impairment, visual disturbances, and bleeding.
- It is a critical complication requiring prompt diagnosis and management.
- While various etiologies exist, it is frequently associated with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia and multiple myeloma.
Purpose:
- To outline the diagnostic methods for hyperviscosity syndrome.
- To discuss the common causes and essential treatments for hyperviscosity syndrome.
- To highlight the importance of funduscopic examination in diagnosing this condition.
Summary:
- Diagnosis involves measuring plasma or serum viscosity using a viscometer and performing funduscopic examinations, as ocular abnormalities correlate well with plasma viscosity.
- Treatment requires addressing the underlying disease and implementing symptomatic measures to reduce blood viscosity.
- Urgent plasmapheresis is effective in reducing paraprotein concentration and alleviating symptoms.
Impact:
- Early identification and intervention can prevent severe complications and improve patient outcomes.
- Understanding the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies is vital for clinicians managing patients with hyperviscosity syndrome.
- This condition underscores the importance of monitoring blood viscosity in patients with specific hematological malignancies.
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