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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Mass Cytometry Analysis of Systemic and Local Immune Responses in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Improved method increases sensitivity for circulating hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Hui-Ying Liu1, Hai-Hua Qian1, Xiao-Feng Zhang1

  • 1Hui-Ying Liu, Hai-Hua Qian, Xiao-Feng Zhang, Jun Li, Xia Yang, Bin Sun, Jun-Yong Ma, Lei Chen, Zheng-Feng Yin, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China.

World Journal of Gastroenterology
|March 18, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This study improved circulating tumor cell detection for liver cancer by combining negative depletion with dual antibody markers, significantly enhancing sensitivity and specificity. The new method accurately identifies hepatocellular carcinoma cells in patient blood samples.

Keywords:
Asialoglycoprotein receptorCarbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1Circulating tumor cellsHepatocellular carcinomaNegative depletion

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Biotechnology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) detection relies on identifying circulating tumor cells (CTCs).
  • Existing enrichment methods using asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) have limitations in sensitivity and specificity.
  • Improved CTC detection is crucial for early diagnosis and monitoring of HCC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance an ASGPR-based method for detecting HCC CTCs.
  • To improve the sensitivity and specificity of CTC detection in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

Main Methods:

  • Peripheral blood samples were analyzed from healthy individuals and patients with HCC, other cancers, or liver conditions.
  • Leukocytes were depleted using CD45 antibody-coated beads, followed by density gradient centrifugation.
  • Cells were stained with antibodies against ASGPR and carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1), liver-specific markers, and analyzed via immunofluorescence.

Main Results:

  • The improved method, combining negative depletion with ASGPR and CPS1 antibodies, detected CTCs in 91% of HCC patients.
  • This approach demonstrated higher sensitivity and specificity compared to previous methods.
  • No tumor cells were detected in non-HCC cancer patients or healthy controls, confirming specificity.

Conclusions:

  • Negative depletion enrichment coupled with dual ASGPR and CPS1 antibody identification significantly improves HCC CTC detection.
  • This enhanced method offers a more sensitive and specific tool for diagnosing and monitoring hepatocellular carcinoma.
  • The findings pave the way for more effective CTC-based diagnostics in liver cancer.