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Related Concept Videos

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

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Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

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Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Basophil Activation Test for Investigation of IgE-Mediated Mechanisms in Drug Hypersensitivity
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Single NSAID hypersensitivity is associated with atopic status.

R Asero1

  • 1Ambulatorio di Allergologia, Clinica San Carlo, Via Ospedale 21, 20037 Paderno Dugnano (MI), Italy. Phone: +39 02 990 38 470 Fax: +39 02 990 38 223.

European Annals of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|March 18, 2015
PubMed
Summary

In Italian adults, atopy is significantly more common in single nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) reactors compared to multiple NSAID reactors. This finding suggests a potential IgE-mediated mechanism in NSAID hypersensitivity.

Keywords:
Drug allergyNSAID hypersensitivityoral provocation testingurticaria

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology
  • Allergology

Background:

  • The link between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) hypersensitivity and atopic status requires further clarification.
  • Prior research indicated a higher incidence of atopic diseases among individuals with multiple NSAID reactions.
  • This study examined NSAID hypersensitivity and atopy in Italian adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of atopic diseases in Italian adults with NSAID hypersensitivity.
  • To compare atopic status between single and multiple NSAID reactors.
  • To explore potential mechanisms underlying NSAID-induced urticaria.

Main Methods:

  • 252 patients with NSAID-induced acute urticaria underwent skin testing for airborne allergens.
  • Patients were categorized as single or multiple NSAID reactors based on clinical history and drug challenges.
  • Diagnostic criteria included clinical history, presence of chronic urticaria, and oral challenges with aspirin or propionic acid derivatives.

Main Results:

  • A significantly higher prevalence of atopic diseases was observed in single NSAID reactors (61%) compared to multiple NSAID reactors (19%).
  • This difference remained significant regardless of the presence or absence of chronic urticaria in multiple reactors.
  • The observed prevalence rates were statistically significant (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Contrary to previous findings, atopy is more prevalent in single NSAID reactors among Italian patients.
  • This observation supports the hypothesis of an IgE-mediated pathway in certain NSAID hypersensitivity reactions.
  • The study highlights distinct immunological profiles in single versus multiple NSAID reactors.