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Related Concept Videos

Quantitative Analysis01:12

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Quantitative analysis is a technique for measuring the amount of specific constituents in a sample. When the sample's composition is unknown, qualitative analysis is performed first to identify its components, which ensures that the correct substances are measured during the quantitative phase.
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The phase rule describes the relationship between the variance (degrees of freedom), the number of components, and the number of phases in a system at equilibrium.Variance is a concept that denotes the number of independent intensive properties (properties are those that do not depend on the amount of material in the system), such as temperature, pressure, and composition, that can be altered without impacting the number of phases in equilibrium.In a single-component system, such as pure water,...
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Quantitative Phase Analysis by the Rietveld Method for Forensic Science.

Fei Deng1,2,3, Xiaodong Lin2, Yonghong He1

  • 1Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.

Journal of Forensic Sciences
|March 19, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantitative phase analysis (QPA) using the Rietveld method accurately determines material composition without calibration. This method proved precise for analyzing potassium nitrate and sulfur mixtures, aiding forensic investigations.

Keywords:
Rietveld methodforensic sciencematerial evidencepowder X-ray diffractionquantitative phase analysiswhole pattern fitting

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Forensic Science

Background:

  • Quantitative phase analysis (QPA) is crucial for determining material composition.
  • The Rietveld method offers a calibration-free approach for QPA, requiring only approximate crystal structures.
  • Accurate phase quantification is essential in various scientific and forensic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the precision of the Rietveld method for Quantitative Phase Analysis (QPA) of synthetic mixtures.
  • To demonstrate the practical application of Rietveld QPA in forensic investigations.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 8 synthetic mixtures of potassium nitrate and sulfur using the Rietveld method.
  • Rietveld refinement performed using a material analysis diffraction program.
  • Evaluation of results using three agreement indices.

Main Results:

  • The Rietveld QPA method yielded precise results for the analyzed mixtures.
  • Errors in quantification were generally less than 2.0% absolute.
  • The method was successfully applied in a criminal case, aiding evidence analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The Rietveld method is a precise and reliable technique for QPA.
  • This method provides valuable quantitative material information for forensic investigators.
  • Rietveld QPA can significantly contribute to case detection and legal proceedings.