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Prioritizing therapeutic targets using patient-derived xenograft models.

K A Lodhia1, A M Hadley2, P Haluska1

  • 1Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
|March 19, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) help personalize cancer therapy by modeling individual tumors. These models aid in identifying effective treatments and predicting drug resistance, advancing precision oncology.

Keywords:
GenomicsPatient-derived xenograftsPersonalized medicineTargeted therapyTherapeutic targets

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Translational Medicine

Background:

  • Personalized cancer therapy requires identifying and targeting key tumor-driving molecular targets.
  • Validated molecular targets for cancer treatment remain limited despite advances in genomic medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the utility of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) in advancing personalized cancer treatment.
  • To address challenges and maximize the clinical insights gained from PDX models.

Main Methods:

  • Development of PDX models using direct patient tumor implantation in immunocompromised mice.
  • Focus on immune system humanization within PDX models.
  • Emphasis on high-quality molecular annotation of PDX models.

Main Results:

  • PDX models serve as powerful patient surrogates for evaluating individualized cancer therapies.
  • Repeated and parallel sampling of PDX models reveals tumor clonal evolution.
  • Clonal evolution insights can predict drug resistance mechanisms and inform therapeutic strategies.

Conclusions:

  • PDX models are crucial for optimizing systemic cancer treatment delivery and therapeutic potential.
  • Addressing PDX model challenges is key to maximizing their clinical applicability in precision oncology.
  • PDX models facilitate the design of effective therapeutic strategies by predicting resistance and guiding treatment selection.