Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 16, 2026
12:13
Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients
Published on: November 19, 2019
7.3K
Malignant cell-derived extracellular vesicles express different chromogranin epitopes compared to prostasomes
Louise Dubois1, Mats Stridsberg1, Pedram Kharaziha2
1Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
The Prostate
|March 19, 2015
Summary
Prostate cancer cells secrete extracellular vesicles with distinct chromogranin patterns compared to normal prostasomes. This difference in chromogranin peptides may aid in developing new prostate cancer detection and treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
- Oncology
Background:
- Prostasomes are extracellular vesicles from prostate cells, aiding sperm function.
- Prostate cancer cells also release extracellular vesicles.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate chromogranin expression on prostasomes and prostate cancer extracellular vesicles.
- To identify potential differences for cancer detection.
Main Methods:
- ELISA and Western blot analyses were used.
- Antibodies against chromogranin A and B peptides were employed.
- Four prostate cancer cell lines (two hormone-sensitive, two hormone-refractory) were studied.
Main Results:
- Distinct chromogranin peptide patterns were observed between prostasomes and malignant extracellular vesicles.
- Western blot revealed varied cleavage patterns of chromogranin proproteins.
- Phenotypical changes in extracellular vesicles were indicated.
Conclusions:
- Chromogranins are present in both prostasomes and malignant extracellular vesicles.
- Different amino acid sequences on the surface create a mosaic pattern.
- Findings may inform new prostate cancer detection and treatment assays.
Related Concept Videos
01:33Overview of Secretory Vesicles
11.1K
Secretory vesicles, also known as dense core vesicles (DCVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that transport secretory proteins, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. Regulated secretory vesicles transport proteins from the trans-Golgi network to the exterior of the cell. Proteins present in regulated secretory vesicles are required to be rapidly exocytosed in large amounts upon a specific stimulus.
Various proteins regulate the aggregation of molecules inside the secretory vesicles. Chromogranins...
Various proteins regulate the aggregation of molecules inside the secretory vesicles. Chromogranins...
11.1K
01:36Overview of Exosomes
4.0K
Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
4.0K
02:38Mitogens and the Cell Cycle
8.5K
Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
8.5K
01:38Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies
5.3K
Intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are small vesicles 50-80 nm in diameter formed during the maturation of early endosomes. A specialized endosome containing numerous ILVs is called a multivesicular body (MVB). ILVs contain internalized molecules such as antigens, nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. Some of these molecules are released from the MVBs inside exosomes and are transported to other cells. Other MVBs contain molecules that are retained in the ILVs and are later degraded within the...
5.3K
01:21Matrix Proteoglycans and Glycoproteins
5.7K
Proteoglycans are extensively glycosylated proteins, commonly found in the extracellular matrix, interwoven with collagen fibers. Hyaline cartilage, the most common type of cartilage in the body, consists of short and dispersed collagen fibers associated with large amounts of proteoglycans. These proteoglycans have long negative charges that attract cations, which in turn attract water molecules. This influx of ions and water molecules swells up the proteoglycan like a water-soaked gel that can...
5.7K