Posterior tibial plateau fracture: a new treatment-oriented classification and surgical management

To establish a classification system for the different types of posterior tibial plateau fractures (PTPF), and to explore the fracture patterns and early results of treatment.

39 PTPFs patients who received surgeries through posteromedial or (and) posterolateral knee approaches were analyzed retrospectively.

There were 5 types of PTPFs identified in the new classification system: posteromedial split fracture (type I, 7 patients), posterolateral split fracture (type II, 5 patients), posterolateral depression fracture (type III, 11 patients), posterolateral split and depression fracture (type IV, 2 patients), and posteromedial split combined with posterolateral depression fracture (type V, 14 patients). All patients underwent surgeries safely without complications. The average follow up was 18.1 months (12-30 months). The average weight-bearing durations were 15.6 weeks (12-20 weeks). Based on Rasmussen functional scoring system, 20 cases were regarded as excellent, 14 were good, 5 were fair, and 0 was poor. There was significant change in the Rasmussen functional score before (8.38 ± 2.87) and after surgery (24.20 ± 3.44). According to Rasmussen radiology system, 28 cases were excellent, 8 cases were good, 3 were fair, and none was poor. There was also a significant difference detected between pre-operation (6.77 ± 2.27) and post-operation (16.41 ± 2.65).

This study presents a new classification system for the different types of PTPFs based on the treatment. The classification is clinically relevant and can be used to guide the surgical management.