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Syntactic priming in American Sign Language.

Matthew L Hall1, Victor S Ferreira2, Rachel I Mayberry3

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Syntactic priming, a common language phenomenon, was studied in American Sign Language (ASL). Results show sentence structure processing is similar across spoken and signed languages, regardless of hearing or native language status.

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Sign Language Linguistics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Psycholinguistic research often focuses on spoken language, leaving questions about universal language processing mechanisms.
  • Syntactic priming, where recent language use influences current choices, is well-documented in spoken languages.
  • It's unclear if this phenomenon is tied to peripheral biology or reflects deeper cognitive processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate syntactic priming in American Sign Language (ASL).
  • To determine if syntactic priming in ASL is influenced by lexical repetition.
  • To compare syntactic priming across different groups of ASL users (native, late learners, L2 learners).

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted to test syntactic priming of noun phrase constructions in ASL.
  • Participants included hearing L2 signers, deaf native signers, and deaf late learners.
  • Analyses examined priming effects and potential lexical, phonological, or semantic boosts.

Main Results:

  • Syntactic priming was observed in hearing L2 ASL signers, with a lexical boost effect.
  • Priming effects were consistent across deaf native L1 signers, deaf late L1 learners, and hearing L2 signers.
  • No evidence for phonological or semantic boosts to syntactic priming was found.

Conclusions:

  • Syntactic priming operates similarly in sign language and spoken language, suggesting it's not solely dependent on peripheral biology.
  • The psychological representation of sentence structure appears consistent across modalities.
  • These findings contribute to understanding the fundamental nature of language processing in the human brain.