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Published on: March 6, 2018
Goserelin loaded nanoparticles inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in human prostate cancer cell lines
Priti Tomar1, Neeti Jain, G S Agarwal
1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour University, Sagar, MP, 470003, India.
Abstract:
Goserelin acetate (Gos) is a synthetic analogue of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) used in treatment of prostate cancer. The objective of this study is to investigate the in vitro cytotoxic effect of Goserelin loaded nanoparticles on both androgen dependent and androgen independent cell lines. Goserelin causes cell death of prostate cancer cell lines by inducing apoptosis. Treatment of Goserelin loaded nanoparticles inhibited the proliferation of LNCaP and DU145 in the dose-dependent manner, however did not affect the cell proliferation in PC-3 cell lines. Blank nanoparticles exhibited negligible cytotoxicity on cell lines. In addition, immunocytochemical studies indicated that Gos induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. The presence and characteristics of LHRH receptors and their messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression in human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP were investigated by polymerase chain reaction. Changes in nuclear morphology and DNA fragmentation associated with Gos induced apoptosis were clearly seen in both LNCaP and DU145 cell lines by DNA studies. The PCR product of the expected size of 319 bp for human LHRH receptors was obtained in cell line sample. Goserelin loaded nanoparticles are the potential tool for site specific delivery for prostate cancer treatment.
Insights
Goserelin acetate nanoparticles show promise for prostate cancer treatment by inducing apoptosis in specific cell lines. Further research confirmed luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor presence, supporting targeted delivery potential.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Nanotechnology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Prostate cancer treatment often involves targeting androgen pathways.
- Goserelin acetate (Gos) is a synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analogue used in prostate cancer therapy.
- Nanoparticle drug delivery systems offer potential for targeted and enhanced therapeutic effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the in vitro cytotoxic effects of Goserelin-loaded nanoparticles on androgen-dependent and androgen-independent prostate cancer cell lines.
- To investigate the mechanism of Goserelin-induced cell death, specifically apoptosis.
- To confirm the presence and expression of LHRH receptors in prostate cancer cells.
Main Methods:
- Treatment of LNCaP, DU145, and PC-3 prostate cancer cell lines with Goserelin-loaded nanoparticles.
- Assessment of cell proliferation and cytotoxicity.
- Immunocytochemistry and DNA fragmentation studies to detect apoptosis.
- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify LHRH receptor mRNA expression.
Main Results:
- Goserelin-loaded nanoparticles inhibited proliferation in LNCaP and DU145 cells in a dose-dependent manner.
- PC-3 cell proliferation was unaffected by Goserelin-loaded nanoparticles.
- Blank nanoparticles showed negligible cytotoxicity.
- Apoptosis induction was confirmed by immunocytochemistry and DNA fragmentation analysis in LNCaP and DU145 cells.
- LHRH receptor mRNA expression was detected in LNCaP cells via PCR.
Conclusions:
- Goserelin-loaded nanoparticles demonstrate significant in vitro cytotoxicity against specific prostate cancer cell lines.
- The mechanism of action involves the induction of apoptosis.
- The presence of LHRH receptors suggests potential for site-specific drug delivery.
- Goserelin-loaded nanoparticles represent a potential tool for targeted prostate cancer treatment.
