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Related Concept Videos

Cytoskeletal Linker Proteins - Plakins01:09

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Plakins are large proteins with binding domains for microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and membrane-associated protein complexes at cell junctions. Plakin functions are evolutionarily conserved and are primarily involved in organizing the different components of the cytoskeleton by crosslinking them to each other and connecting them to the cell-matrix and cell adhesion complexes. They are also known to interact with signal transducers, serve as scaffolds for signaling...
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Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen...
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The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location and function — the anterior and posterior compartment muscles.
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Desmosomes01:05

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The term desmosome derives from the Greek words "desmo" and "soma" meaning "adhesion bodies." This structure was first observed during the late 1800s and described as small, dense nodules in the epidermis. Desmosomes are button-like structures that help form an interlinked network of intermediate filaments across the cells. These junctions are  essential to hold cells together under mechanical stress and to maintain tissue integrity. Desmosomes are multi-protein...
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Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
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Nails are one of the important accessory structures of the skin. They are hard, protective structures that cover the dorsal surface of the distal phalanges of fingers and toes. Nails are composed of specialized keratinized cells and serve various functions, including protection, sensation, and manual dexterity.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
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Plaques on dorsal hands & arms.

Brian Rodriguez1, Jonathan Karnes1

  • 1Maine-Dartmouth Family Medicine Residency, Augusta, ME, USA.

The Journal of Family Practice
|March 20, 2015
PubMed
Summary

A patient with slow-growing skin lesions unresponsive to standard treatments received a unique diagnosis after their work environment was investigated. This case highlights the importance of occupational history in diagnosing persistent dermatological conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Occupational Medicine

Background:

  • The patient presented with persistent, slow-growing skin lesions.
  • Standard treatments including topical steroids and antifungals were ineffective.

Observation:

  • A detailed occupational history was crucial for diagnosis.
  • The patient's work environment was identified as a key factor.

Findings:

  • A specific occupational exposure led to the diagnosis of the unusual skin lesions.
  • This diagnosis was unexpected given the initial presentation.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering environmental and occupational factors in dermatology.
  • It suggests a need for broader diagnostic considerations beyond typical topical treatments for refractory lesions.

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