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Sheldon L Glashow1, Diego Guadagnoli2, Kenneth Lane1

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The LHCb experiment observed a deviation in B meson decays involving muons and electrons. A new model suggests this anomaly could stem from lepton flavor-violating interactions, potentially explaining recent experimental results.

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Area of Science:

  • High Energy Physics
  • Particle Physics
  • Beyond Standard Model Physics

Background:

  • The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics accurately describes fundamental particles and forces.
  • Recent measurements by the LHCb Collaboration, specifically the ratio R_K, show a discrepancy with SM predictions.
  • This discrepancy suggests potential new physics beyond the Standard Model, possibly involving lepton flavor universality violation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the implications of lepton nonuniversal interactions as a potential explanation for the observed R_K anomaly.
  • To explore a simple theoretical model that accommodates these interactions.
  • To assess the impact of such interactions on other B decay processes and lepton flavor violation.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of new lepton nonuniversal interactions.
  • Analysis of B meson decay rates, including B+ -> K+mu+mu- and B+ -> K+e+e-.
  • Comparison of model predictions with existing experimental data and limits.

Main Results:

  • A simple model is proposed where lepton nonuniversal interactions can explain the R_K anomaly.
  • The model predicts that lepton flavor violating (LFV) B decay rates could be just below current experimental limits.
  • A specific consequence, B(Bs -> mu+mu-)exp/B(Bs -> mu+mu-)SM approx R_K approx 0.75, aligns with recent measurements.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed model offers a consistent explanation for the R_K anomaly and recent Bs -> mu+mu- measurements.
  • Searches for lepton flavor violation in decays such as B -> K mu e, B -> K mu tau, and Bs -> mu e are crucial for testing this hypothesis.
  • Experimental verification of LFV decays would provide strong evidence for new physics beyond the Standard Model.