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Enzyme Kinetics

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Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy of the reactants. The speed at which the enzyme turns reactants into products is called the rate of reaction. Several factors impact the rate of reaction, including the number of available reactants. Enzyme kinetics is the study of how an enzyme changes the rate of a reaction.
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Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Unraveling Entropic Rate Acceleration Induced by Solvent Dynamics in Membrane Enzymes

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Lipases: Valuable catalysts for dynamic kinetic resolutions.

Amanda S de Miranda¹, Leandro S M Miranda¹, Rodrigo O M A de Souza¹

¹Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Organic Synthesis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Química, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro CEP21941909, Brazil.

Biotechnology Advances

|March 22, 2015

Summary

Dynamic kinetic resolutions efficiently produce single enantiomers from racemates. Lipases are effective biocatalysts, often used with metals in chemoenzymatic resolutions of alcohols and amines.

Keywords:

Chemoenzymatic synthesis Dynamic kinetic resolution Enantioselectivity Enzyme catalysis Lipases Racemization

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Area of Science:

Organic Chemistry
Biocatalysis

Background:

Dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) enables the synthesis of enantiopure compounds from racemic mixtures.
DKR offers theoretical yields up to 100% for a single enantiomer.
Lipases are highly effective biocatalysts due to their versatility, stereoselectivity, and robustness.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the utility of lipases as co-catalysts in DKR.
To showcase the application of lipases in chemoenzymatic DKR.
To discuss the preparation of enantiopure alcohols and amines.

Main Methods:

Utilizing lipases as biocatalysts in DKR.
Combining lipases with metal catalysts for chemoenzymatic DKR.
Applying DKR to resolve racemic alcohols and amines.

Main Results:

DKR provides a pathway to enantiopure compounds with high theoretical yields.
Lipases demonstrate significant success as co-catalysts in DKR reactions.
Chemoenzymatic DKR, particularly with lipases and metals, is effective for resolving alcohols and amines.

Conclusions:

Dynamic kinetic resolution is a powerful strategy for synthesizing enantiopure molecules.
Lipases are valuable biocatalysts for DKR, especially in chemoenzymatic approaches.
The combination of lipases and metals offers an efficient route for the DKR of alcohols and amines.