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Related Concept Videos

Genomics02:02

Genomics

42.0K
Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

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Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
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Plant Breeding and Biotechnology01:59

Plant Breeding and Biotechnology

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Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
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Genetic Screens02:46

Genetic Screens

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Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
Forward genetic screens
Forward or “classical” genetic screens involve creating random mutations in an organism’s DNA using radiation, mutagens, or insertion of additional bases, which...
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Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

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Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
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Incomplete Dominance01:43

Incomplete Dominance

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Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
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Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Large-Scale Multi-Omics Genome-Wide Association Studies Mo-GWAS: Guidelines for Sample Preparation and Normalization
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Breeding-assisted genomics.

Jesse Poland1

  • 1Wheat Genetics Resource Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States; Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States.

Current Opinion in Plant Biology
|March 22, 2015
PubMed
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Genomics-assisted plant breeding accelerates genetic gain for challenging traits. Integrating genomic data with robust phenotypic data from breeding programs enhances crop improvement for global food security.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant genomics
  • Agricultural science
  • Crop breeding

Background:

  • Inexpensive sequencing has created a wealth of genomic information.
  • Robust phenotypic data is now a limiting resource in plant breeding.
  • Genomics-assisted breeding promises rapid genetic gain for complex traits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the symbiotic relationship between genomics and plant breeding.
  • To address the limitations of traditional structured populations for functional genomics.
  • To shift focus towards utilizing breeding program material for functional genomics.

Main Methods:

  • Leveraging inexpensive genotyping for large-scale genetic studies.
  • Integrating genomic data with phenotypic data from breeding programs.
  • Shifting functional genomics research from dedicated populations to breeding lines.

Main Results:

  • Plant breeders are adept at developing and evaluating large populations for functional genomics.
  • Directly focusing functional genomics on breeding programs is more tractable than using dedicated populations.
  • Capturing genetic determinants within breeding lines offers a new approach.

Conclusions:

  • A symbiotic relationship between genomics and plant breeding is emerging.
  • Focusing functional genomics on breeding lines can accelerate crop improvement.
  • This approach will enhance food security, availability, and nutrition.