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Related Concept Videos

Equilibrium and Balance01:15

Equilibrium and Balance

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The inner ear assumes dual functionalities of auditory perception and equilibrium maintenance. The vestibule is the organ responsible for balance. This organ contains mechanoreceptors, specifically hair cells, endowed with stereocilia, which aid in deciphering information regarding the position and motion of our heads. Two intrinsic components, the utricle and saccule, help perceive head position, while the semicircular canals track head movement. Neurological messages initiated in the...
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The Vestibular System01:29

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The vestibular system is a set of inner ear structures that provide a sense of balance and spatial orientation. This system is comprised of structures within the labyrinth of the inner ear, including the cochlea and two otolith organs—the utricle and saccule. The labyrinth also contains three semicircular canals—superior, posterior, and horizontal—that are oriented on different planes.
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Major Somatic Sensory Pathways01:28

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Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
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Vomiting is a complex physiological response to expel harmful or irritating substances from the body. It's a defensive mechanism triggered by stimuli like poisons, microbial toxins, cytotoxic drugs, and mechanical abdominal distension. The process is centrally coordinated by the vomiting (or emetic) center located in the medulla of the brainstem. This area, rich in muscarinic M1, histamine H1, neurokinin 1 (NK1), and serotonin 5-HT3 receptors, coordinates the act of vomiting through...
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Tachyarrhythmias are a type of dysrhythmia where the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Here are some common types of tachyarrhythmias:Sinus TachycardiaSinus tachycardia originates from increased impulses from the sinus node, leading to an elevated heart rate. It is often triggered by stress, fever, or exercise.Patients may experience palpitations, a sensation of a racing heart, dizziness, and chest discomfort.Causes and Risk Factors: Common causes include physical exertion, emotional...
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Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

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Using Unidirectional Rotations to Improve Vestibular System Asymmetry in Patients with Vestibular Dysfunction
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[Recurring vertigo].

V Moonen, C Andris, G Moonen

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    |March 24, 2015
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This case study highlights vestibular migraine, a condition often diagnosed late. A multidisciplinary approach involving otologists, ophthalmologists, and neurologists is crucial for timely diagnosis and effective treatment of vestibular disorders.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Otolaryngology
    • Ophthalmology

    Background:

    • Recurring vertigo presents a diagnostic challenge, often leading to delays in identifying the underlying cause.
    • Vestibular disorders encompass a range of conditions affecting balance and spatial orientation.

    Observation:

    • A young patient presented with recurrent vertigo, ultimately diagnosed with vestibular migraine.
    • The diagnostic journey was prolonged, underscoring challenges in identifying vestibular conditions.

    Findings:

    • Vestibular migraine diagnosis requires a comprehensive, multidisciplinary evaluation.
    • Timely diagnosis is essential for managing vestibular migraine and other less common vestibular disorders like perilymph fistula, vestibular paroxysmia, and bilateral vestibulopathy.

    Implications:

    • Emphasizes the need for integrated care among otologists, ophthalmologists, and neurologists for vestibular disorders.
    • Highlights the importance of recognizing and diagnosing recently described conditions such as vestibular migraine for improved patient outcomes.