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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Human mesenchymal stem cells - current trends and future prospective.

Imran Ullah1, Raghavendra Baregundi Subbarao1, Gyu Jin Rho1

  • 1*Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.

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Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are versatile adult stem cells with multi-lineage potential and immunomodulatory properties. Research highlights their diverse sources, therapeutic applications for chronic diseases, and clinical trial use.

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Area of Science:

  • * Regenerative Medicine
  • * Stem Cell Biology
  • * Immunology

Background:

  • * Stem cells possess self-renewal and differentiation capabilities.
  • * Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are multipotent adult stem cells.
  • * hMSCs can differentiate into various cell types and exhibit immunomodulatory functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To review current research on human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs).
  • * To explore hMSC sources, characteristics, and therapeutic potential.
  • * To summarize applications in chronic disease treatment and clinical trials.

Main Methods:

  • * Comprehensive literature review of recent research findings.
  • * Analysis of studies on hMSC isolation, characterization, and in vitro behavior.
  • * Examination of data on hMSC immunomodulatory properties and clinical applications.

Main Results:

  • * hMSCs are isolated from diverse tissues and express specific surface markers (CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105).
  • * Long-term in vitro culturing of hMSCs is feasible without significant abnormalities.
  • * hMSCs demonstrate multilineage differentiation, immunomodulation, and secretion of anti-inflammatory factors.

Conclusions:

  • * hMSCs are promising for treating chronic diseases due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory capacities.
  • * Further research and clinical trials are essential to fully realize the therapeutic potential of hMSCs.
  • * Banking and cryopreservation strategies are crucial for hMSC availability in regenerative medicine.