Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Solubility03:00

Solubility

23.0K
Solution, Solubility, and Solubility Equilibrium
A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of a solvent, the major component, and a solute, the minor component. The physical state of a solution—solid, liquid, or gas—is typically the same as that of the solvent. Solute concentrations are often described with qualitative terms such as dilute (of relatively low concentration) and concentrated (of relatively high concentration).
In a solution, the solute particles (molecules,...
23.0K
Solvating Effects02:12

Solvating Effects

9.3K
An understanding of the solvating effect helps rationalize the relation between solvation and acidity of the compound. In addition, this also explains the relative stability of conjugate bases for compounds with different pKa values. This lesson details, in-depth, the principle of solvating effects. The strength of an acid and the stability of its corresponding conjugate base are determined using pKa values. This observed relationship is a consequence of solvation, which is the interaction...
9.3K
Entropy and Solvation02:05

Entropy and Solvation

8.8K
The process of surrounding a solute with solvent is called solvation. It involves evenly distributing the solute within the solvent. The rule of thumb for determining a solvent for a given compound is that like dissolves like. A good solvent has molecular characteristics similar to those of the compound to be dissolved. For example, polar solutions dissolve polar solutes, and apolar solvents dissolve apolar solutes. A polar solvent is a solvent that has a high dielectric constant (ϵ...
8.8K
Ideal Solutions02:24

Ideal Solutions

23.3K
According to Raoult’s law, the partial vapor pressure of a solvent in a solution is equal or identical to the vapor pressure of the pure solvent multiplied by its mole fraction in the solution. However, Raoult's Law is only valid for ideal solutions. For a solution to be ideal, the solvent-solute interaction must be just as strong as a solvent-solvent or solute-solute interaction. This suggests that both the solute and the solvent would use the same amount of energy to escape to the...
23.3K
Physical Properties Affecting Solubility02:19

Physical Properties Affecting Solubility

28.1K
Solutions of Gases in Liquids
As for any solution, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is affected by the attractive intermolecular forces between solute and solvent species. Unlike solid and liquid solutes, however, there is no solute-solute intermolecular attraction to overcome when a gaseous solute dissolves in a liquid solvent since the atoms or molecules comprising a gas are far separated and experience negligible interactions. Consequently, solute-solvent interactions are the sole...
28.1K
Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects01:17

Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects

1.6K
In an NMR sample, precise measurement of the absolute absorption frequencies of nuclei is difficult. A standard internal reference compound is added, and the frequency difference between the reference signal and sample signals is measured.
The internal reference compound generally used in NMR spectroscopy is tetramethylsilane (TMS). TMS is preferred because it is chemically inert, soluble in NMR solvents, and easily removable. Also, the highly shielded methyl protons in TMS yield an intense...
1.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Exploring the Influence of Ionic Liquid Anion Structure on Gas-Ionic Liquid Partition Coefficients of Organic Solutes Using Machine Learning.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2024
Same author

Differences in Religious Commitment and Harm Reduction Attitudes Among US Medical Students by Sex Assigned at Birth: A Pilot Study.

Journal of religion and health·2024
Same author

Comments Regarding "Solubility determination and thermodynamic model analysis of L-α-glyceryl phosphorylcholine in different organic solvents of 278.15-323.15 K".

Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis·2024
Same author

Reference Materials for Phase Equilibrium Studies. 1. Liquid-Liquid Equilibria (IUPAC Technical Report).

Pure and applied chemistry. Chimie pure et appliquee·2023
Same author

Preferential Solvation Study of Rosuvastatin in the {PEG400 (1) + Water (2)} Cosolvent Mixture and GastroPlus Software-Based In Vivo Predictions.

ACS omega·2023
Same author

A new set of solute descriptors to calculate solubility of drugs in mono-solvents.

Annales pharmaceutiques francaises·2023
Same journal

Microwave synthesis, crystal structure, antioxidant, and antimicrobial study of new 6-heptyl-5,6-dihydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-c]quinazoline compound.

Chemistry Central journal·2018
Same journal

Determination of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the extracts of aerial parts of Portulaca quadrifida.

Chemistry Central journal·2018
Same journal

Design, synthesis and therapeutic potential of 3-(2-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-ylthio)acetamido)-N-(substituted phenyl)benzamide analogues.

Chemistry Central journal·2018
Same journal

Analysis of coumarin and angelica lactones in smokeless tobacco products.

Chemistry Central journal·2018
Same journal

Novel glitazones as PPARγ agonists: molecular design, synthesis, glucose uptake activity and 3D QSAR studies.

Chemistry Central journal·2018
Same journal

Development of a practical synthesis of etravirine via a microwave-promoted amination.

Chemistry Central journal·2018
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Unraveling Entropic Rate Acceleration Induced by Solvent Dynamics in Membrane Enzymes
09:42

Unraveling Entropic Rate Acceleration Induced by Solvent Dynamics in Membrane Enzymes

Published on: January 16, 2016

9.5K

Predicting Abraham model solvent coefficients.

Jean-Claude Bradley1, Michael H Abraham2, William E Acree3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.

Chemistry Central Journal
|March 24, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed open models to predict Abraham coefficients for all organic solvents, expanding the Abraham solvation model's applicability. These models also suggest sustainable solvent alternatives, like propylene glycol for methanol.

Keywords:
Abraham general solvation modelPartition coefficientsSolubilitySolvent coefficientsSolvent replacementSustainable solvents

More Related Videos

Contrast-Matching Detergent in Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Experiments for Membrane Protein Structural Analysis and Ab Initio Modeling
10:27

Contrast-Matching Detergent in Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Experiments for Membrane Protein Structural Analysis and Ab Initio Modeling

Published on: October 21, 2018

13.2K
Sedimentation Equilibrium of a Small Oligomer-forming Membrane Protein: Effect of Histidine Protonation on Pentameric Stability
09:49

Sedimentation Equilibrium of a Small Oligomer-forming Membrane Protein: Effect of Histidine Protonation on Pentameric Stability

Published on: April 2, 2015

11.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Unraveling Entropic Rate Acceleration Induced by Solvent Dynamics in Membrane Enzymes
09:42

Unraveling Entropic Rate Acceleration Induced by Solvent Dynamics in Membrane Enzymes

Published on: January 16, 2016

9.5K
Contrast-Matching Detergent in Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Experiments for Membrane Protein Structural Analysis and Ab Initio Modeling
10:27

Contrast-Matching Detergent in Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Experiments for Membrane Protein Structural Analysis and Ab Initio Modeling

Published on: October 21, 2018

13.2K
Sedimentation Equilibrium of a Small Oligomer-forming Membrane Protein: Effect of Histidine Protonation on Pentameric Stability
09:49

Sedimentation Equilibrium of a Small Oligomer-forming Membrane Protein: Effect of Histidine Protonation on Pentameric Stability

Published on: April 2, 2015

11.1K

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Computational Chemistry
  • Green Chemistry

Background:

  • The Abraham general solvation model is valuable for partitioning and solubility but requires measured coefficients for specific solvents.
  • Its applicability is currently limited to solvents with experimentally determined Abraham coefficients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend the Abraham solvation model's utility to all organic solvents.
  • To develop predictive models for solvent coefficients (e, s, a, b, v).
  • To identify sustainable solvent replacements.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized open random forest models to predict Abraham solvent coefficients.
  • Developed predictive models for coefficients e, s, a, b, and v.
  • Applied the models to suggest environmentally friendly solvent alternatives.

Main Results:

  • Achieved out-of-bag R-squared values of 0.31 (e), 0.77 (s), 0.92 (a), 0.47 (b), and 0.63 (v).
  • Successfully predicted Abraham coefficients for a wider range of organic solvents.
  • Identified propylene glycol as a potential sustainable replacement for methanol.

Conclusions:

  • The developed solvent coefficient models significantly broaden the Abraham general solvation equations' scope.
  • The models are openly available, promoting reproducibility and usability under Open Notebook Science principles.
  • Facilitated the identification of greener solvent options for various applications.