Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship01:22

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

2.6K
Cholinergic agonists or cholinomimetics mimic the action of acetylcholine to stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system. They are categorized into direct-acting and indirect-acting agents. The direct-acting cholinergic drugs induce the parasympathetic response by directly binding to the muscarinic or nicotine receptors. In comparison, the indirect-acting cholinergic drugs prevent acetylcholine hydrolysis, indirectly contributing to the extended parasympathetic response.
The direct-acting...
2.6K
Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses01:11

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses

2.1K
Direct-acting cholinergic agonists have many therapeutic uses in various medical fields. Choline esters, including acetylcholine, have limited clinical utility due to their non-selectivity and short duration of action. Still, acetylcholine and carbachol are applied topically during ophthalmologic surgery to induce miosis. Pilocarpine, a muscarinic and ganglionic stimulator, effectively treats open-angle glaucoma and alleviates xerostomia and dry mouth caused by radiotherapy or Sjögren...
2.1K
Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers02:25

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers

16.7K
Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
16.7K
Prochirality02:05

Prochirality

5.4K
The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
5.4K
Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacological Actions01:30

Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacological Actions

1.9K
Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists, also known as anticholinesterases, exert their pharmacological effects by enhancing cholinergic transmission in various body parts, including the neuromuscular junction, autonomic cholinergic synapses, and the brain.
At the neuromuscular junction, these agents work by inhibiting the breakdown of acetylcholine, allowing it to remain bound to the receptor and bind to nearby receptors. This process leads to repetitive firing of the endplate, causing muscle...
1.9K
Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship01:29

Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

1.2K
Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists are agents that interact with the acetylcholinesterase enzyme in the synaptic cleft, preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine into choline and acetate. Consequently, the concentration of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft increases. These agonists can be classified into reversible and irreversible inhibitors based on their duration of action.
Reversible inhibitors display short to medium durations of action. Short-acting agents include simple alcohols with...
1.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pharmacochemical Studies of Synthesized Coumarin-Isoxazole-Pyridine Hybrids.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Paclitaxel-Loaded, Pegylated Carboxylic Graphene Oxide with High Colloidal Stability, Sustained, pH-Responsive Release and Strong Anticancer Effects on Lung Cancer A549 Cell Line.

Pharmaceutics·2024
Same author

Exploring the 2'-Hydroxy-Chalcone Framework for the Development of Dual Antioxidant and Soybean Lipoxygenase Inhibitory Agents.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2021
Same author

Small Multitarget Molecules Incorporating the Enone Moiety.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2019
Same author

Star-Graft Quarterpolymer-Based Polymersomes as Nanocarriers for Co-Delivery of Hydrophilic/Hydrophobic Chemotherapeutic Agents.

ACS omega·2018
Same author

Dicoumarol derivatives: Green synthesis and molecular modelling studies of their anti-LOX activity.

Bioorganic chemistry·2018

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Functionalized Spirocyclic Heterocycle Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Assay
05:17

Functionalized Spirocyclic Heterocycle Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Assay

Published on: February 9, 2021

2.2K

Simple chalcones and bis-chalcones ethers as possible pleiotropic agents.

Thalia Liargkova1, Dimitra J Hadjipavlou-Litina1, Caterina Koukoulitsa2

  • 1a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki , Greece .

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry
|March 24, 2015
PubMed
Summary

New chalcone derivatives show promise as multifunctional agents for Alzheimer's disease, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, lipoxygenase (LOX), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Compounds b2 and b3 exhibit potent activity, suggesting potential therapeutic applications.

Keywords:
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitorsbis-chalconeschalconeslipoxygenase inhibitorsmultitarget agents

More Related Videos

Perturbing Endothelial Biomechanics via Connexin 43 Structural Disruption
09:20

Perturbing Endothelial Biomechanics via Connexin 43 Structural Disruption

Published on: October 4, 2019

6.0K
Cellular Membrane Affinity Chromatography Columns to Identify Specialized Plant Metabolites Interacting with Immobilized Tropomyosin Kinase Receptor B
11:44

Cellular Membrane Affinity Chromatography Columns to Identify Specialized Plant Metabolites Interacting with Immobilized Tropomyosin Kinase Receptor B

Published on: January 19, 2022

3.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Functionalized Spirocyclic Heterocycle Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Assay
05:17

Functionalized Spirocyclic Heterocycle Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Assay

Published on: February 9, 2021

2.2K
Perturbing Endothelial Biomechanics via Connexin 43 Structural Disruption
09:20

Perturbing Endothelial Biomechanics via Connexin 43 Structural Disruption

Published on: October 4, 2019

6.0K
Cellular Membrane Affinity Chromatography Columns to Identify Specialized Plant Metabolites Interacting with Immobilized Tropomyosin Kinase Receptor B
11:44

Cellular Membrane Affinity Chromatography Columns to Identify Specialized Plant Metabolites Interacting with Immobilized Tropomyosin Kinase Receptor B

Published on: January 19, 2022

3.1K

Area of Science:

  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline.
  • Current treatments offer symptomatic relief but do not halt disease progression.
  • Novel therapeutic strategies targeting multiple pathways are needed for effective AD intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel 4-hydroxychalcone and bis-chalcone ether derivatives.
  • To evaluate the antioxidative properties and inhibitory potential against lipoxygenase (LOX) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE).
  • To explore the potential of these compounds as multifunctional agents for Alzheimer's disease.

Main Methods:

  • Chalcone derivatives synthesized via Claisen-Schmidt condensation under ultrasound irradiation.
  • Structural confirmation using spectral and elemental analysis.
  • Lipophilicity determined by reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography.
  • In vitro evaluation of anti-lipid peroxidation, LOX, and AChE inhibitory activities.
  • In silico pharmacokinetic profiling.

Main Results:

  • Efficient synthesis of diverse chalcone and bis-chalcone ether derivatives in good yields.
  • Most synthesized compounds demonstrated potent in vitro inhibition of lipid peroxidation and LOX.
  • Compounds b2 and b3 emerged as the most potent inhibitors of LOX and AChE, respectively.
  • Compounds b2 and b3 also exhibited significant anti-lipid peroxidation activity.

Conclusions:

  • The synthesized chalcone and bis-chalcone ether derivatives possess significant multifunctional properties relevant to Alzheimer's disease.
  • Compounds b2 and b3 are identified as lead candidates for further development as potential therapeutic agents against AD.
  • Structural and physicochemical characteristics correlate with observed biological activities, guiding future drug design.