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Sulfate-based anionic diblock copolymer nanoparticles for efficient occlusion within zinc oxide.

Y Ning¹, L A Fielding, T S Andrews

¹Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK. S.P.Armes@sheffield.ac.uk.

|March 24, 2015

Summary

Anionic diblock copolymer nanoparticles modified zinc oxide (ZnO) crystal formation. Sulfate-functionalized nanoparticles were incorporated into ZnO crystals, enhancing photocatalytic activity for dye degradation.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Crystallography

Background:

Copolymer particle occlusion in crystalline hosts aids understanding of crystallization.
This offers a pathway to novel nanocomposite materials with unique properties.

Purpose of the Study:

Synthesize anionic diblock copolymer nanoparticles using PISA and RAFT.
Evaluate these nanoparticles as crystal habit modifiers for in situ ZnO formation.
Investigate the role of nanoparticle chemistry and polymerisation degree on ZnO crystal morphology.

Main Methods:

Polymerisation-induced self-assembly (PISA) via RAFT aqueous emulsion polymerization.
In situ synthesis of ZnO in aqueous solution with copolymer nanoparticles.
Characterization of nanocomposite crystals (optical properties, composition, structure).

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Main Results:

Sulfate-functionalized nanoparticles were incorporated into ZnO crystals, while carboxylate-functionalized ones were excluded.
Nanoparticle occlusion reached up to 23% by mass, dependent on sulfate-based nanoparticle concentration.
Gold nanoparticle deposition on calcined ZnO enhanced photocatalytic dye degradation.

Conclusions:

Anionic character is crucial but insufficient for nanoparticle occlusion in ZnO.
The chemical nature and polymerisation degree of nanoparticles dictate ZnO crystal morphology.
The resulting nanocomposites show potential for enhanced photocatalysis.