PCAF-primed EZH2 acetylation regulates its stability and promotes lung adenocarcinoma progression

Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is a key epigenetic regulator that catalyzes the trimethylation of H3K27 and is modulated by post-translational modifications (PTMs). However, the precise regulation of EZH2 PTMs remains elusive. We, herein, report that EZH2 is acetylated by acetyltransferase P300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) and is deacetylated by deacetylase SIRT1. We identified that PCAF interacts with and acetylates EZH2 mainly at lysine 348 (K348). Mechanistically, K348 acetylation decreases EZH2 phosphorylation at T345 and T487 and increases EZH2 stability without disrupting the formation of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). Functionally, EZH2 K348 acetylation enhances its capacity in suppression of the target genes and promotes lung cancer cell migration and invasion. Further, elevated EZH2 K348 acetylation in lung adenocarcinoma patients predicts a poor prognosis. Our findings define a new mechanism underlying EZH2 modulation by linking EZH2 acetylation to its phosphorylation that stabilizes EZH2 and promotes lung adenocarcinoma progression.