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Exploiting the lactose-GM3 interaction for drug delivery.

Raghavendra Vasudeva Murthy1, Harikrishna Bavireddi, Madhuri Gade

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune, 411021 (India).

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Summary

Carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions (CCIs) enable targeted drug delivery. Researchers used lactose-functionalized nanoparticles to deliver doxorubicin (Dox) specifically to cancer cells expressing GM3, demonstrating a novel therapeutic approach.

Keywords:
cancercarbohydratescyclodextrindoxorubicinhost-guest complexestargeted drug delivery

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Drug Delivery

Background:

  • Protein-protein and protein-carbohydrate interactions are established therapeutic targets.
  • Carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions (CCIs) have been largely overlooked for drug delivery applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of CCI-mediated drug delivery.
  • To evaluate lactose-functionalized β-cyclodextrin (L-β-CD) for site-specific delivery of doxorubicin (Dox) to cancer cells.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized lactose-functionalized β-cyclodextrin (L-β-CD) to host doxorubicin (Dox).
  • Assessed drug delivery efficiency in B16 melanoma cells (high GM3 expression) versus THP-1 and NIH-3T3 cells (low GM3 expression).
  • Investigated the effect of sialidase and sodium periodate pretreatment on drug uptake in B16 cells.

Main Results:

  • Doxorubicin was delivered more efficiently into B16 cells compared to control cell lines.
  • Pretreatment of B16 cells to prevent CCIs significantly decreased drug uptake.
  • The GM3-lactose interaction was identified as the key mechanism for targeted delivery.

Conclusions:

  • Carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions (CCIs) can be effectively utilized for targeted drug delivery.
  • Lactose-functionalized nanoparticles show promise for site-specific delivery of therapeutics like doxorubicin.
  • This study highlights a novel strategy for cancer therapy by exploiting cell-surface carbohydrate recognition.