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Double-stranded RNA Oral Delivery Methods to Induce RNA Interference in Phloem and Plant-sap-feeding Hemipteran Insects
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Environmental RNAi in herbivorous insects.

Sergey Ivashuta1, Yuanji Zhang1, B Elizabeth Wiggins1

  • 1Chesterfield Village Research Center, Monsanto Company, Chesterfield, Missouri 63017, USA.

RNA (New York, N.Y.)
|March 25, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Environmental RNAi (eRNAi) occurs naturally in some insects. Sensitive insects process plant dsRNA into siRNAs, but significant gene regulation requires higher siRNA dosage.

Keywords:
RNAicorn rootwormdsRNA uptakeeRNAisiRNAs

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Entomology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Environmental RNA interference (eRNAi) uses exogenous double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) to regulate gene expression.
  • Previous studies focused on artificial conditions, leaving natural eRNAi effects unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate exogenous dsRNA uptake and eRNAi under natural insect feeding conditions.
  • Determine factors influencing eRNAi efficacy in sensitive and recalcitrant insects.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed dsRNA and small RNA content in coleopteran and lepidopteran larvae fed on wild-type plants.
  • Utilized RNA sequencing to assess siRNA abundance and effects on insect transcriptome.

Main Results:

  • Coleopteran insects showed uptake and processing of plant long dsRNAs into siRNAs.
  • Lepidopteran insects, recalcitrant to eRNAi, did not accumulate plant-derived siRNAs.
  • dsRNA stability in the gut and uptake facilitated eRNAi, but low siRNA abundance limited measurable effects.

Conclusions:

  • Broad dsRNA uptake and siRNA processing occur in sensitive insects naturally.
  • dsRNA stability, uptake, and sufficient siRNA dosage are crucial for effective eRNAi.
  • Lack of amplification mechanisms and low siRNA abundance may hinder significant gene regulation in some insects.