Pregnancy and postpartum bowel changes: constipation and fecal incontinence

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Gastroenterology
• Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy

Background:

• Pregnancy and postpartum are linked to gastrointestinal issues.
• Defecatory disorders, including constipation and fecal incontinence, are common and troublesome postpartum complaints.
• These conditions are often multifactorial, necessitating an understanding of underlying risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current knowledge of pelvic floor and anorectal physiology during pregnancy.
• To synthesize existing literature on the causes of postpartum bowel symptoms.
• To examine current treatment strategies for postpartum constipation and fecal incontinence.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on pelvic floor and anorectal physiology.
• Analysis of research on risk factors for postpartum defecatory disorders.
• Synthesis of treatment options for constipation and fecal incontinence in the postpartum period.

Main Results:

• Pregnancy significantly impacts pelvic floor and anorectal function.
• Multiple factors contribute to the development of postpartum bowel dysfunction.
• Various treatment approaches exist for managing these conditions.

Conclusions:

• Understanding pelvic floor and anorectal physiology is crucial for addressing postpartum bowel symptoms.
• Further research is needed to optimize the management of constipation and fecal incontinence after childbirth.
• Comprehensive treatment strategies should be considered for affected women.