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Bone and morphogenetic protein signalling and muscle mass
Roberta Sartori1, Marco Sandri
1aDulbecco Telethon Institute, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine bDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova cTelethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Napoli, Italy.
Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
|March 26, 2015
Summary
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are key regulators of muscle mass, challenging previous understanding of muscle homeostasis. BMP signaling, particularly via Smad1/5/8, is now recognized as a fundamental hypertrophic signal that influences muscle growth and loss.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Signaling
- Muscle Physiology
Background:
- The transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) superfamily includes critical regulators of biological processes.
- Two main subfamilies exist: TGFβ/Activin and Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs).
- Myostatin, a TGFβ member, is a well-established regulator of muscle size.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of BMPs in controlling muscle mass.
- To discuss recent advancements in understanding TGFβ superfamily signaling in muscle homeostasis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent findings on TGFβ superfamily signaling.
- Analysis of studies investigating BMP pathway activation and downstream targets.
- Examination of the interplay between BMP and Myostatin signaling.
Main Results:
- BMP signaling, mediated by Smad1/5/8, is identified as a fundamental hypertrophic signal.
- BMP signaling dominates Myostatin signaling pathways.
- BMP signaling negatively regulates MUSA1, a ubiquitin ligase involved in muscle loss.
Conclusions:
- Recent discoveries highlight the complex interplay between TGFβ and BMP signaling in muscle.
- These insights are reshaping our understanding of adult skeletal muscle regulation in health and disease.
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