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Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Testing the Role of Multicopy Plasmids in the Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance
Published on: May 2, 2018
The complex evolution of antibiotic resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
J D Fonseca1, G M Knight2, T D McHugh1
1Centre for Clinical Microbiology, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
Abstract:
Multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) represent a major threat to the control of the disease worldwide. The mechanisms and pathways that result in the emergence and subsequent fixation of resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are not fully understood and recent studies suggest that they are much more complex than initially thought. In this review, we highlight the exciting new areas of research within TB resistance that are beginning to fill these gaps in our understanding, whilst also raising new questions and providing future directions.
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Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...

