Vibratory stimulation increases interleukin-1 beta secretion during orthodontic tooth movement

Area of Science:

• Orthodontics
• Biomaterials Science
• Immunology

Background:

• Maxillary canine distalization is a common orthodontic procedure.
• Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) plays a role in bone remodeling during tooth movement.
• Optimizing orthodontic treatment efficiency is a clinical goal.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the effect of vibratory stimuli on interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) secretion.
• To assess the impact of vibratory stimuli on the rate of maxillary canine distalization.

Main Methods:

• A split-mouth design study involving 15 subjects undergoing maxillary canine distalization.
• Experimental side: Light orthodontic force (60 g) combined with daily electric toothbrushing (15 min/day for 2 months).
• Control side: Orthodontic force only. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) collected monthly for IL-1β analysis via ELISA. Canine movement measured monthly.

Main Results:

• Significantly higher IL-1β levels in GCF on the experimental side compared to the control side (0.64 ± 0.33 pg/µL vs 0.10 ± 0.11 pg/µL, P < .001).
• Accelerated cumulative tooth movement on the experimental side versus the control side (2.85 ± 0.17 mm vs 1.77 ± 0.11 mm, P < .001).

Conclusions:

• Vibratory stimuli, when used with light orthodontic force, enhance IL-1β secretion.
• Electric toothbrush-induced vibration accelerates orthodontic tooth movement during maxillary canine distalization.