Cooperative coupling of cyanine and tictoid twisted π-systems to amplify organic chromophore cubic nonlinearities
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Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Synthesis of Wavelength-shifting DNA Hybridization Probes by Using Photostable Cyanine Dyes
Published on: July 6, 2016
Yanrong Shi1, Alexander J-T Lou1, Guang S He2
1†Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.
Abstract:
We report a new class of hybrid π-electron chromophores with a large, sign-tunable third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) response, achieved via cooperative coupling of cyanine dye bond-length alternation effects with the rich density of states in zwitterionic twisted π-system chromophores. A combined synthetic, linear/nonlinear spectroscopic, and quantum chemical study reveals exceptional third-order response exceeding the sum of the individual chromophore contributions.
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