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Published on: August 1, 2013
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The equine arteritis virus isolate from the 2010 Argentinian outbreak.
Summary
Equine arteritis virus (EAV) strains from Argentina were analyzed, revealing a new strain belonging to the European group. This highlights the need for monitoring infected stallions and semen to prevent EAV persistence in horse populations.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Molecular Epidemiology
- Equine Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Equine arteritis virus (EAV) causes significant disease in horses worldwide.
- Persistently infected stallions serve as a crucial reservoir for EAV transmission.
- Understanding viral genetic diversity is key to controlling outbreaks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and characterize a novel EAV strain from an infected stallion in Argentina.
- To determine the phylogenetic relationship of the new strain with existing EAV isolates.
- To assess the implications for EAV persistence and control strategies.
Main Methods:
- Viral isolation from stallion semen followed by immunofluorescence identification.
- Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification of the GP5 gene.
- DNA sequencing, phylogenetic analysis using neighbor-joining, and N-glycosylation prediction.
Main Results:
- A new EAV strain (GLD-LP-ARG) was identified and sequenced.
- Phylogenetic analysis placed the new strain within the European EAV group (EU-1).
- High nucleotide identity (99%) was observed with strain Al1 and 98.1% with strain 08P178.
Conclusions:
- Persistently infected stallions and their semen are significant reservoirs for EAV.
- The findings underscore the importance of continuous monitoring of stallions and semen.
- RT-PCR and test mating are vital tools for EAV control in accordance with regulations.
