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Updated: Apr 15, 2026
A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
Published on: August 18, 2015
Four-year follow-up of transient ischemic attacks, strokes, and mimics: a retrospective transient ischemic attack
Dipankar Dutta1, Emily Bowen2, Chris Foy2
1From the Stroke Service (D.D., E.B.) and Research Design Service (C.F.), Gloucestershire Royal Hospital, Gloucester, UK. dipankar.dutta@glos.nhs.uk.
Insights
Rapid access transient ischemic attack (TIA) clinics show lower 90-day stroke incidence than previously reported. These findings suggest daily TIA clinics significantly reduce stroke events.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Vascular Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Limited data exists on outcomes from rapid access transient ischemic attack (TIA) clinics.
- This study analyzes 4-year outcomes for TIAs, strokes, and mimics using a UK TIA clinic database.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate long-term outcomes of patients managed in a rapid access TIA clinic.
- To determine the incidence of stroke, myocardial infarction, vascular events, and all-cause death after TIA, stroke, or mimic diagnoses.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of patients referred to a UK TIA clinic between April 2010 and May 2012.
- Outcomes including stroke, myocardial infarction, vascular events, and death were tracked using survival analysis.
- Median assessment time was 4.5 days, with a median follow-up of 34.9 months.
Main Results:
- Of 1067 patients, 31.6% had TIAs, 18% had strokes, and 50.4% had mimics.
- The 90-day stroke incidence was 1.3% for patients diagnosed with TIA or stroke.
- Compared to mimics, patients with TIA had a 3.88-fold increased hazard for subsequent stroke, and those with stroke had a 5.84-fold increased hazard.
Conclusions:
- The 90-day stroke incidence observed is lower than in previous studies.
- Rapid access daily TIA clinics appear to be effective in reducing subsequent strokes.
Background And Purpose:
There is limited information on outcomes from rapid access transient ischemic attack (TIA) clinics. We present 4-year outcomes of TIAs, strokes, and mimics from a UK TIA clinic database.
Methods:
All patients referred between April 2010 and May 2012 were retrospectively identified and outcomes determined. End points were stroke, myocardial infarction, any vascular event (TIA, stroke, or myocardial infarction), and all-cause death. Data were analyzed by survival analysis.
Results:
Of 1067 patients, 31.6% were TIAs, 18% strokes, and 50.4% mimics. Median assessment time was 4.5 days from onset and follow-up was for 34.9 months. Subsequent strokes occurred in 7.1% of patients with TIA, 10.9% of patients with stroke, and 2.0% of mimics at the end of follow-up. Stroke risk at 90 days was 1.3% for patients diagnosed as TIA or stroke. Compared with mimics, hazard ratios for subsequent stroke were 3.88 (1.90-7.91) for TIA and 5.84 (2.81-12.11) for stroke. Hazard ratio for any subsequent vascular event was 2.91 (1.97-4.30) for TIA and 2.83 (1.81-4.41) for stroke. Hazard ratio for death was 1.68 (1.10-2.56) for TIA and 2.19 (1.38-3.46) for stroke.
Conclusions:
Our results show a lower 90-day stroke incidence after TIA or minor stroke than in earlier studies, suggesting that rapid access daily TIA clinics may be having a significant effect on reducing strokes.
