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Related Concept Videos

Encoding01:19

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Information enters the brain through encoding, which is the input of information into the memory system. Once sensory information is received from the environment, the brain labels or codes it. The information is then organized with similar information and connected to existing concepts. Encoding occurs through automatic processing and effortful processing.
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Sensory receptors play an integral part in comprehending our external and internal environments. They receive diverse stimuli, converting them into the nervous system's electrochemical signals. This conversion occurs as the stimulus alters the sensory neuron's cell membrane potential, instigating the generation of an action potential. This action potential is subsequently transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), which integrates with other sensory data or higher cognitive...
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The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
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The spinal cord is an integral hub for motor and sensory information that enables the brain to communicate with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). This communication consists of relaying sensory data and transmission of motor commands.
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The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
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Sensation typically is the process by which the sensory receptors and sense organs detect stimuli from the internal and external environment and transmit this information to the central nervous system for processing.
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Emergence of coding and its specificity as a physico-informatic problem.

Peter R Wills1, Kay Nieselt, John S McCaskill

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Auckland, PB 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand, p.wills@auckland.ac.nz.

Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere : the Journal of the International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life
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Biological systems use referential information computationally for control, a process crucial for life's origin. Genetic coding enabled this by creating a modular metric for evolutionary search, solving the catalyst specificity problem.

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Area of Science:

  • Origin of Life research
  • Systems Biology
  • Information Theory

Background:

  • Biological systems are defined by their computational processing of referential information.
  • Cells function as cybernetic systems, utilizing genetic information for communication and control.
  • The historical development of molecular information's utility remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the origin-of-life implications of information-centric biological definitions.
  • To elucidate how genetic coding transformed molecular information into a useful computational resource.
  • To understand the evolutionary process of increasing molecular information complexity.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of biological systems as information processors.
  • Exploration of cybernetic principles in cellular function.
  • Examination of the role of genetic coding in evolutionary search.

Main Results:

  • Biological systems computationally process referential information to govern physico-chemical events.
  • Genetic coding provided a modular metric, facilitating the evolutionary search for specific catalysts.
  • The concept of "quasispecies symmetry breaking" describes the step-by-step increase in molecular information complexity.

Conclusions:

  • Information processing is a key differentiator between living and non-living matter.
  • Genetic coding was pivotal in making molecular information evolutionarily useful.
  • The origin of life involved iterative self-organization and increasing informational complexity.