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Transcranial direct current stimulation in psychiatric disorders.

Gabriel Tortella1, Roberta Casati1, Luana V M Aparicio1

  • 1Gabriel Tortella, Natasha Senço, Fabiana Guarienti, Priscila Mara Lorencini Selingardi, Débora Muszkat, Bernardo de Sampaio Pereira Junior, Leandro Valiengo, André R Brunoni, Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation, Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05043-000, Brazil.

World Journal of Psychiatry
|March 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a promising non-invasive brain stimulation technique for psychiatric disorders. Further research is needed to confirm its efficacy in larger patient groups.

Keywords:
Non-invasive brain stimulationPsychiatry disordersReviewTranscranial direct current stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Neuromodulation

Background:

  • Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques are gaining traction.
  • Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is of particular interest due to its ease of use, low cost, and safety profile.
  • tDCS has shown encouraging results in various research fields, especially psychiatry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the development and mechanism of action of tDCS.
  • To summarize methodological aspects of tDCS randomized clinical trials in psychiatry.
  • To discuss tDCS applications in cognitive enhancement and its clinical, regulatory, and ethical considerations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of tDCS development and applications.
  • Analysis of randomized clinical trials in psychiatric conditions.
  • Discussion of tDCS use in cognitive enhancement and ethical aspects.

Main Results:

  • tDCS has demonstrated promising results in treating affective disorders, schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, child psychiatry conditions, and substance use disorders.
  • The technique is also explored for cognitive enhancement.
  • Despite promising findings, the current body of research is limited.

Conclusions:

  • tDCS is a developing neuromodulation technique with potential in psychiatric treatment and cognitive enhancement.
  • Further large-scale studies are essential to validate tDCS efficacy and establish its definitive role in clinical practice.
  • Addressing regulatory and ethical considerations is crucial for widespread adoption.