[Acinetobacter: microbiological, pathogenetic and resistant properties]

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Infectious Diseases
• Bacteriology

Context:

• Acinetobacter species are opportunistic pathogens with increasing clinical importance.
• These bacteria are frequently associated with hospital-acquired infections, particularly in vulnerable patient populations.

Purpose:

• To provide a comprehensive review of Acinetobacter, covering its physiology, taxonomy, ecology, pathogenicity, and antibiotic resistance.
• To detail the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis and virulence factor regulation in Acinetobacter.
• To discuss the clinical implications, laboratory identification, and management strategies for Acinetobacter infections.

Summary:

• This literature review synthesizes current knowledge on Acinetobacter, emphasizing Acinetobacter baumannii as a primary cause of infection.
• It elaborates on the pathogenesis, virulence factors, and the significant challenge posed by antibiotic resistance.
• The review also covers diagnostic methods, treatment options, and prophylaxis for Acinetobacter infections.

Impact:

• Highlights the growing threat of Acinetobacter infections and their associated antibiotic resistance.
• Provides a valuable resource for clinicians and researchers managing these difficult-to-treat infections.
• Informs strategies for infection control, antibiotic stewardship, and the development of novel therapeutic approaches.